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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science" : 5 Documents clear
Effect of Film Packaging on the Quality of Tomato Fruits under Ambient Conditions Edusei, Vida; Cornelius, Eric William
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Polyethylene bags of different permeability were tested to extend the life of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) under ambient conditions. Tomato fruits at Breaker stage of ripening were packed in low density polyethylene bags (thickness 0.0046 mm) with four different types of perforation, i.e. without pinholes, bag with 10, 15 and 20 pinholes. All bags were stored for 21 days at 28ºC and 74% relative humidity. Fruits were evaluated for changes in colour, physical appearance, firmness and weight loss. Soluble solids content was determined at the end of storage. All unwrapped tomato fruits were red ripe 6 days after storage and after 21 days of storage fruits were soft, appeared deep red, shriveled and dusty. Fruits sealed in bags delayed red colour development, appeared glossy after 21 days of storage. Fruits sealed in polyethylene bags were significantly (p<0.05) firmer and had low weight loss than fruits stored unwrapped. Fruits sealed within polyethylene bag with 20 pinholes had the highest soluble solids content after 21 days. This study shows that storage of tomatoes in polyethylene bag under ambient condition is a promising alternative to refrigeration to reduce wastage and consequently increase the marketable life of harvested tomatoes in tropical countries.Keywords: tomatoes, storage, low density polyethylene bags, ambient conditions
Proliferation of Protocorm-Like Bodies of Dendrobium mannii and Dendrobium mirbelianum in Chitosan-containing Media In Vitro Rahmah, Syifaur; Wiendi, Ni Made Armini; Suwarno, Willy B.; Krisantini, Krisantini
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Dendrobium mannii and Dendrobium mirbelianum were rare and endangered orchid species. In vitro micro propagation could be used to conserve and proliferate these species. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of chitosan on proliferation of the protocorm-like-bodies (PLBs) of in vitro grown Dendrobium mannii and D. mirbelianum. Chitosan has been reported as an important component to promote orchid growth in vitro. In this study chitosan was included in the in-vitro media at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg.L-1. The highest PLBs formation, clump diameter, and fresh weight on D. mannii were obtained from explants cultured on medium supplemented with 1 mg.L-1 chitosan. After 14 weeks of culture, fresh weight, clump diameter and average number of PLBs of D.mannii were 29.52 %, 33.00 % and 35.88% greater at chitosan (1 mg.L-1) compared to control media.  D. mirbelianum treated with low chitosan concentrations (1 and 2 mg.L-1) had 65.71% more leaves than those without chitosan treatment. Chitosan, however, had an adverse effects on growth of both species at  4 mg.L-1. Medium contain 4 mg.L-1 chitosan induced PLBs proliferation of D.mannii, but inhibited PLBs proliferation of D.mirbelianum.  These results suggested that chitosan had important roles in PLB proliferation and could be used for the propagation of D. mannii PLBs in vitro. Keywords: rare orchid species, in-vitro
The Interaction between Endophytic Actinomycetes and Rhizobium in Leguminous Plants Sahur, Asmiaty
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Biological N2 fixation represents the major source of N input in many agricultural soils including those in arid regions where little artificial fertilizer is applied. The major N2-fixing systems in agriculture are the symbiotic systems, where bacteria such as rhizobia interact with legumes to fix atmospheric nitrogen which plays a significant role in improving the fertility and productivity of low-N soils. The symbiotic association of legume-rhizobium is initiated by the colonization of the rhizosphere by the rhizobia and subsequent attachment to the root hairs of the host plant. Furthermore, the host will produce flavonoids, such as luteolin in alfalfa and diazedin in soybean, which interact with nod protein in the rhizobia. Moreover, this process then elicits the expression of a cluster of nodulation genes such as nod, nol, and noe in the rhizobia. The interaction is potentially of great importance to the health and growth in nature of this nodulating legume.The interaction between endophytic Actinomycetes and rhizobia in leguminous plants is one way to improve the capability of leguminous plants to fix atmospheric nitrogen in plant roots and contribute to the plants nutrition. From other studies, we know that certain types of Actinomycetes, for example Streptomyces, interact with peas to form healthy roots as an effective site to form nodules and improve biological nitrogen fixation.  Knowledge about this activity against fungal pathogens might lead to finding biocontrol agents for use in sustainable agricultural practices.Root-colonizing soil borne Actinomycetes might influence root nodulation in leguminous plants by increasing root nodulation frequency, possibly at the sites of infection by Rhizobium spp.  Actinomycetes also colonize and sporulate within the surface cell layers of the nodules. This colonization leads to an increase in the average size of the nodules that form and improves the vigor of the bacteroids which generate the red color within the nodules by enhancing nodular assimilation of iron and possibly other soil nutrients. Keywords: symbiotic, biological, nitrogen, molecular interaction
The Induction of Primary and Secondary Somatic Embryo to Support Arabica Coffee Propagation Ibrahim, Meynarti Sari Dewi; Hartati, Raden Roro Sri; Rubiyo, Rubiyo; Purwito, Agus; Sudarsono, Sudarsono
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

The primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis can be used to propagate Coffea arabica L clonally.  However, the success of this propagation was depended on plant growth regulator and varieties. This study aimed to examine the possibility of 2,4-D and thidiazuron application to form primary and secondary somatic embryo to support Arabica coffee clonal propagation. The study consisted of two activities (1) 2,4-D and thidiazuron Application to Induce Primary Somatic Embryogenesis of Arabica Coffee and (2) The Application of thidiazuron in Solid and Semi-Solid Media to Induce Secondary Somatic Embryos.  The results indicated significant effect of varieties and plant growth regulator on fresh weight, number of torpedo and germinated embryo.  However, it showed no significant effect on callus formation percentage. The best medium to induce primary somatic embryogenesis depending on variety, on the treatment of 4.52 μM 2,4 -D +18.16 μM thidiazuron was the best for AS2K and Sigarar Utang varieties, S 795 at 4.52 μM 2,4-D + 9.08 μM thidiazuron, whereas Kartika at 4.52 μM 2.4-D + 13.62 μM thidiazuron.  The morphology of coffee somatic embryo was normal.  Primary somatic embryo was developed indirectly, whereas the secondary somatic embryo was directly.  The application of 9.08 μM thidiazuron  increased the percentage and number of secondary somatic embryos, hence enhancing number of Arabica coffee planlet. Keywords : Coffea arabica L, 2,4-D, thidiazuron, semi-solid media, Indirect somatic embryogenesis
Guano and Rice-Hull Ash Application for Flowering Induction on Orange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) Eliazar, Tabitha Trianda; Aziz, Sandra A.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) has high economical values due to its medicinal properties. Orange jessamine leaves contain flavonoid, mexotionin and coumarin. Orange jessamine flowers contain scopoletin that can lower blood pressure and can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent and as anti-allergic. Orange jessamine is often used as an ornamental plant because it has beautiful flowers similar to jasmine, has nice scent, and red color fruits. The aim of this research is to study the effects of guano and rice-hull ash application on flowering induction of orange jessamine. The research was conducted at an organic experimental farm, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga (6°30' – 6°45' S, 106°30'-106°45' E) from December 2014 to June 2015 using randomized complete block design. The experiment used four treatments, i.e. guano at 0.4 kg per plant, combination of guano (0.4 kg per plant) and rice-hull ash (3.0 kg per plant), rice-hull ash 3.0 kg per plant and without fertilisation as control. The results showed that the application of rice-hull ash increased plant height and leaf number. Guano application significantly increased the intensity of leaf color in mature orange jessamine leaves. Rice-hull ash application increased flower number at 12 and 20 weeks after application.Keywords: chlorophyll, flower number, flower weight, NPK value, organic farming

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