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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science" : 5 Documents clear
Heat Unit Establishment as Harvest Criteria on “Mas Kirana” Banana at Various Times of Anthesis Abdurrohim, Muhammad Syaifuddin; Widodo, Winarso Drajat; Suketi, Ketty
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

The method for determining the appropriate time to harvest banana could affect the shelf life and quality of banana fruits during storage. The objectives of this study were to establish the heat unit as harvesting criteria of banana “Mas Kirana” and to evaluate how heat unit affects fruit shelf life and postharvest maturity characteristics. The research was conducted at PTPN VIII Parakansalak Plantation, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia, in November 2017 to February 2018. Laboratory analysis was conducted in Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture IPB in February to April 2018. The experiment was organized in a completely randomized design with a single factor of eight different flower tagging times after anthesis. Each treatment was replicated five times totaling 40 experimental units. The results showed that the different times of anthesis did not affect fruit size, weight per hand, number of fruits per hand and weight per fruit. Different time of anthesis did not affect respiration rate, fruit shelf life, physical and chemical quality. The minimum heat unit of 650ºC degree days can be used as harvesting criteria for banana “Mas Kirana”. The number of day after anthesis was 39 to 43 with fruit shelf life of 12 to 16 days. 
Spray Hose Irrigation System Increased Yield of Polyethylene Mulched Shallot Sumbayak, Raka Daniel Lihardo; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Spray hose is a micro-irrigation system using perforated hose as for micro irrigation. Shallot conventional cultivation requires lots of water and labor man days therefore is more efficient. Shallot cultivation system needs to be developed to increase yield and to reduce production cost. This research was conducted to compare conventional cultivation methods with using Spray hose and polyethylene mulch for shallot production. This research was conducted in a hydromorphic alluvial soil type at the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies Field Station in Kersana, Brebes, Central Java (S 6 o, 55’, 20.536”; E 108o, 51”, 50618”) from May to July 2016. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a single factor and three levels of planting system, i.e. conventional ‘Surjan’ system without mulch, one line spray hose with mulch, and two lines spray hose with mulch, with five replications. The result showed that shallots production using of polyethylene mulch and two-line spray hose had higher yields than the conventional method. In addition, this system is more efficient in terms of labor requirement. Cost Revenue Analysis shows that conventional cultivation R/C ratio was 1.72, one-line spray hose R/C ratio was 1.92, while two-line spray hose was 2.26. This study demonstrated that the use of polyethylene mulch combined with two-line spray hose significantly improved shallot growth and increased bulb production, and more cost efficient.Keywords: R/C ratio, micro irrigation, labor, ‘Surjan’ system, soil drench, fertilizerConclusionIrrigation of shallot with two-line spray hose resulted in a better crop growth and a higher yield than conventional planting system and one-line spray hose for polyethylene mulched shallot.  Conventional planting system using more water and labor requirement than the two other treatments. Combination of  two-line spray hose and polyethylene mulch had the most eficient cost production of shalot compared to the  conventional system and one-line spray hose.
Production of Fruits and Leafy Vegetables Solanum nigrum Linn under Different Shade Levels Yulianti, Nani; Santosa, Edi; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Fruits and young shoot of Solanum nigrum Linn are harvested and consumed as indigenous vegetables by different Indonesian ethnics. Preharvest factors and harvesting methods to maximize the quality of S. nigrum produce is still unknown. In this study S. nigrum was grown in full irradiance and under shading and assessed for their growth, and fruit and shoot yields. The experiment was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Farm in Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia from April-July 2017. The results demonstrated that plants produced more fruits and shoots in full irradiance, i.e., 687.9 g and 211.1 g per plant, whereas only 331.1 g and 116.9 g per plant were produced in 50% shading. Although fruit and shoot production were superior under full irradiance, shoot-harvested plants had healthier leaves and life span of about 2 months longer thus facilitating longer availability. Canopy of shoot-harvested plants formed a columnar shape with 23 to 45 cm in height,  in contrast to spherical shape with 48 to 203 cm in height of the fruit-harvested plants. It is likely that shading level might contribute to farmers’ decision to harvest the shoots or fruits of S. nigrum. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of shading levels on nutritional quality of the shoots and fruits of S. nigrum.  Keywords: African nightshade, canopy architecture, harvesting method, indigenous vegetable, intercropping
Determination of Fertilizer Doses of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) “Rancing” Ningrum, Ayu Puspita; Suwarto, Suwarto; Setiawan, Asep
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potasium availability are the most thresholding factors for maximum growth and yield. The tuber yield of sweet potato varies depending on growing area therefore a fertilization program, especially in the type and the dose of the fertilizers, is required. This research was conducted in the Pasir Muncang experimental farm at Gadog, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. The study site is located ±500 meters above sea levels, 6°39’31.90” south latitude and 106°52’7.77” east longitude. The experiment was started in May to September 2017. Multi nutrient response method was used for this study, and the interpretation of the results was used to develop fertilizer recommendations using single-nutrient quadratic model. The recommendation was determined using N, P2O5, K2O fertilizer response curve, where the first recommendation was calculated from the maximum relative yield,and the second, third, and fourth recommendation were determined from N, P2O5, K2O threshold. Each treatment for N, P and K was evaluated with different level of fertilizer dose using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The fertilizer doses were 50, 100, 150 and 200% from reference (100% N = 100 kg N ha-1, 100% P = 75 kg P2O5 ha-1, dan 100% K = 100 kg K2O ha-1). Relative yield of sweet potato (y), response to fertilizer (x) had improvement quadratically with equation y = -0.0017x2 + 0.538x + 40.035 for N, y = -0.0041x2 + 0.8595x + 38.211 for P2O5, and y = -0.0025x2 + 0.4318x + 73.377 for K2O. The optimized dose of fertilizer to get maximum yield of sweet potato tuber is 158.23 kg ha-1 of N, 78.60 kg ha-1 of P2O5, and 83.60 kg ha-1 K2O, or 343.97 kg ha-1 of Urea,  218.53 kg ha-1 of SP36 139.33 kg ha-1 of KCl.Keywords: multi nutrient response, nitrogen, relative yield, phosphorus, potassium
Photoautotrophic System: A Review and Potential Application for Plant Propagation In Vitro Krisantini, Krisantini; Wiendi, Ni Made Armini
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

AbstractThe standard method of in vitro plant micro propagation uses of tightly closed culture bottles using agar media containing macro and micro nutrients and sucrose as a source of carbon for the explants. The closed bottle culture is usually kept in a temperature and light controlled environment which is lower and of different quality from the natural sunlight, resulting in high relative humidity and no air exchange inside the bottles.  Explants produced in vitro have malfunctioned stomata, undeveloped cuticles and lower leaf chlorophyll levels, and hyper hydration of the plantlets. Photoautotrophic tissue culture is micro propagation without or with a reduced sugar level in the culture media, so the growth or accumulation of carbohydrates of the explants is dependent fully upon photosynthesis and inorganic nutrient uptake. This method is usually combined with ventilation or CO2 enrichment, and recently, with incorporating porous materials such as vermiculite, gum or paper pulp to the agar media to promote better root system of the explants. This article discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the photoautotrophic micro propagation compared to the standard micro propagation methods, and provided the results of the photo autotrophic micro propagation studies conducted at Laboratory of Tissue Culture II of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.

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