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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 114 Documents
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Soil Fertility Assessment of Sugarcane Farms in Barangay Aglayan, Malaybalay, Bukidnon, Philippines Ligan, Willy Aclon
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 3 No 3 (2016): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

A soil fertility assessment survey was conducted at Barangay Aglayan, Malaybalay, Bukidnon, Philippines, on selected farms to assess the soil chemical properties (pH, OM, Extractable P and Exchangeable K) of sugarcane farms. A survey questionnaire was used to gather information among farms and a total of twenty-two (22) sugarcane farms were collected for soil samples and analyzed at the Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory, College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao University. The 22 sugarcane farms surveyed in of Barangay Aglayan, Malaybalay, Bukidnon were identified as very strongly acidic, have medium organic matter content, low extractable phosphorus and very low in exchangeable potassium. These results demonstrated that the sugarcane farms in Bukidnon need amendments to meet the recommended soil test values for sugarcane. The results of this study have provided basic information to generate a soil nutrient map of sugarcane farms in Bukidnon, Philippines.
The Potential of Flowering Weeds as Refugia for Predatory Insects at Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi Ngatimin, Sri Nur Aminah; Agus, Nurariaty; P. Saranga, Annie
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 1 No 2 (2014): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

A study on identication of owering weeds as predatoryinsect alternative foods was conducted at Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesiain February 2013. Among the plants that naturally growin the national park area Cassia siamea andClerodendron paniculatum, which were source of nectarfor insects, particularly butteries. Visits of predatoryinsect to owering weeds and species of both insectsand owering weeds were recorded. The preferredowering weeds visited by the predatory insects are C.striata (Papilionaceae), A.conyzoides (Asteraceae) andL. camara (Verbenaceae) followed by S. nodiflora(Asteraceae), S. rhombifolia (Malvaceae) and L.crustacea (Scrophulariaceae). A large number of adultsand pupae of Coccinella sp. was found in theBantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park.Keywords : nectar, pollen, alternative host, weeds,Indonesia
Heat Unit Establishment as Harvest Criteria on “Mas Kirana” Banana at Various Times of Anthesis Abdurrohim, Muhammad Syaifuddin; Widodo, Winarso Drajat; Suketi, Ketty
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

The method for determining the appropriate time to harvest banana could affect the shelf life and quality of banana fruits during storage. The objectives of this study were to establish the heat unit as harvesting criteria of banana “Mas Kirana” and to evaluate how heat unit affects fruit shelf life and postharvest maturity characteristics. The research was conducted at PTPN VIII Parakansalak Plantation, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia, in November 2017 to February 2018. Laboratory analysis was conducted in Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture IPB in February to April 2018. The experiment was organized in a completely randomized design with a single factor of eight different flower tagging times after anthesis. Each treatment was replicated five times totaling 40 experimental units. The results showed that the different times of anthesis did not affect fruit size, weight per hand, number of fruits per hand and weight per fruit. Different time of anthesis did not affect respiration rate, fruit shelf life, physical and chemical quality. The minimum heat unit of 650ºC degree days can be used as harvesting criteria for banana “Mas Kirana”. The number of day after anthesis was 39 to 43 with fruit shelf life of 12 to 16 days. 
Evaluation of Yield Components of New Sweet Corn Hybrids in Bogor, Indonesia Aprilianti, Devi Kurnia; Syukur, Muhamad; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 3 No 1 (2016): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

The demand of sweet corn in Indonesia has been increasing; therefore  breeding  efforts  are  aimed  for high yielding sweet corn varieties with superior quality. This research was aimed to evaluate the yield of five newly developed sweet corn hybrids compared to the commercial varieties. The research was conducted  at  the  Leuwikopo  experimental field of IPB, and Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB Darmaga campus from September to December 2015. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Five new sweet corn hybrids, “ JM8 x JM2”, “JM8 x JM7”, “JM16  x  JM8”,  “JM17  x  JM6”  and  “JM17  x JM7”, and four commercial varieties, “Bonanza”, “Master Sweet”, “Sugar 75” and “Sweet Boy”, were tested. The results showed that the new hybrids vary in plant height, days to anthesis, days to silking, ear height, ear length, sugar content, number of kernel rows, the weight of husked ear, and number of ears per plant, downy mildew infected area, and productivity. F1 of “JM8 x JM2” has longer ears than “Master Sweet” and “Sugar 75”, higher sugar content than “Sugar 75”, and higher resistance against downy mildew than “Master Sweet” and “Sweet Boy”.
The Diversity of Epiphytic Wild Orchids in Mallawa Resort Area of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Hiola, St. Fatmah; Dirawan, Gufran D; Caronge, Muhammad Wiharto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 2 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

This research aims to report the diversity of epiphytic wild orchids in Mallawa Resort area of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (BBNP), South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Exploration methods were used in this study to search and record epiphyticwild orchids in this area. The technique of data collection comprised taking pictures with a digital camera for documentation and collecting specimens of wild orchids that were unidentified at the site. The identification of orchid species was conducted by matching the morphology and characterization of epiphytic wild orchids with appropriate photographs showing details to enable identification. The results of the study showed that there were 36 species of epiphytic wild orchids to be found in the study area. The identification to species level included 10 species, there were 17 specimens that were identified to genus level, and seven specimens remained unidentified. Sympodial type orchids dominated the suite of native orchids, with 23 species.Keyword: epiphytes, Mallawa Resort, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, wild orchids
The Use of Trellis and Mulch Increased Fruit Production of Spaghetti Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) Kartika, Juang Gema; Karyana, Shinta Wulandari
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 4 No 3 (2017): Journal of Tropical Crop Science - available online January 2018
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Spaghetti squash is squash of American origin that has spaghetti-like characteristic of fruit flesh, unlike any other squash varieties. This study aims to investigate the use of trellis and mulch to increase the spaghetti squash production. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Centre of Tropical Horticulture, Bogor from April to November 2016. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with four replicates. Two factors were tested, i.e. the use of trellis and mulch as the main plots, and accessions of the spaghetti squash as a sub-plot. The treatments were the use of trellis and mulch, mulch without the trellis, the trellis without mulch, and without the trellis and mulch. The spaghetti squash accessions used in this experiment were accessions from Taiwan (F1) and from America. Each experimental unit consists of five plants with a total a total of 160 plants. The results of this experiment showed that the growing squash using mulch and trellis had the greatest number of fruits per plant, more marketable fruits and had the largest fruit weight as compared with the other treatments. Taiwan accession had more fruits per plant and total marketable fruits, the largest fruit weight, the longest and widest fruits with large fruit diameter. Taiwan accession produced fruits at lower nodes of the plants, and fruits can be harvested earlier than the American accession. Correlation analysis indicated that the more fruits per plant, the more number of fruits that are marketable, the greater fruit weight and more fruits can be harvested from the higher nodes of the plants. From agronomical point of view, Taiwan spaghetti squash would be preferable to obtain the high fruit production provided the crops were mulched and grown with trellis.Keywords: Cucurbitacea, trellis, mulch, plant culture
Improvement of Shelf Life and Sensory Quality of Pummelos by Fruit Waxing and Wrapping Aji, Titistyas Gusti; Susanto, Slamet; Sukma, Dewi; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2017): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

The aims of this study were to evaluate the physical and chemical change of pummelo fruit during storage with waxing and wrapping, and to determine the effect of waxing and wrapping and their  its interaction in affecting shelf life of pummelo fruits. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was waxing consisted of without waxing, 10% beeswax, 5% beeswax, and chitosan. The second factor was wrapping consisted of without wrapping and wrapping using either transparent yellow or white plastic wrap. Pummelo fruits experience weight loss, reduced total soluble solid (TSS), decrease in firmness and total acidity during 48 days of storage in room temperature. Waxing using beeswax or wrapping using plastic wraps significantly suppressed weight loss and maintained fruit firmness compared to those without waxing and wrapping. However, waxing and wrapping did not significantly affect the quality of pummelo fruits. Based on the fruit’s weight loss, firmness, and panelist preferences, 5% or 10% bees wax can be used as waxing. Both transparent yellow and white plastic wraps can be used to maintain fruit weight, firmness, and appearances during storage. 
Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Seed Germination Characteristics of Tomato and Lettuce Mangmang, Jonathan; Deaker, Rosalind; Rogers, Gordon
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 1 No 2 (2014): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represent a wide genera of rhizospheric bacteria which, when introduced in association with the host plant in proper amount, can enhance plant growth and productivity. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the germination responses of tomato and lettuce to PGPR inoculation. Seeds were inoculated with different strains of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, Sp7-S and Sp245, Herbaspirillum seropedicea and Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJNT. The results reveal that Sp7-S inoculation yielded better germination rate and total germination of tomato. PGPR inoculation, except Sp7, produced longer (28%) and heavier (37%) roots with superior vigor. In lettuce, PGPR strains, except B. phytofirmans PsJNT, and Sp7 and B. phytofirmans PsJNT, enhanced germination vigor and length of roots (26%), respectively. The results provide further evidence concerning their importance as PGPR and indicate the potential of exploiting some of these PGPR to improve seedling emergence and establishment of vegetables.
Water Balance in Oil Palm Plantation with Ridge Terrace and Nephrolepis biserrata as Cover Crop Ariyanti, Mira; Yahya, Sudirman; Murtilaksono, Kukuh; Suwarto, Suwarto; Siregar, Hasril H.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 3 No 2 (2016): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

The existence of oil palm plantations as a possible cause of drought in the surrounding areas in Indonesia is a critical issue. Therefore, information related to the effects of oil palm plantations on the surrounding environment in terms of soil water content (SWC) availability is needed. Soil and water conservation techniques in the form  of ridge terracing and cover crops,  such as Nephrolepis biserrata,  can be  expected to potentially improve soil water  reserves, especially in the dry-season, by accumulating water  in the rainy season.  This study aimed to study the effects of N. biserrata as cover crop, together with the potential effects of ridge terraces, on the water balance in mature oil palm plantations.  The research was conducted in mature oil palm plantations, Afdeling III block 375 (planted in 1996) and block 415 (planted in 2005), Rejosari Unit, PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VII in Natar District, South Lampung Regency, Indonesia, from August 2014 to January 2015. The research was based on of setting up 15 m x 20 m experimental plots with the following treatments:  (i) without ridge terraces and without N. biserrata (G0T0); (ii) without ridge terraces but with N. biserrata (G0T1); (iii) with ridge terraces but without N. biserrata (G1T0); (iv) with ridge terraces and with N. biserrata (G1T1).   Hydrology parameter data were collected for each treatment plot; water balance was calculated using a water balance equation. The results showed that the use of the cover crop N. biserrata in combination with ridge terraces helped improving SWC reserves by approximately 71% and 12%, respectively.  The use of N. biserrata as a cover crop reduced the rate of water loss by percolation and run-off, by approximately 36% and 80%, respectively, in an area where the annual rainfall is above 2,400 mm per year.  The presence of N. biserrata shortened the period of SWC deficit by extending the period of a water surplus by 70 days when compared with ridge terracing alone (which reduced the period of SWC by 50 days).
Evaluation of Commercial Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars in Bogor, Indonesia for Ornamental and Nursery Production Aisyah, Syarifah Iis; Khotimah, Khotimah; Krisantini, Krisantini
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 1 No 1 (2014): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

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Abstract

A wide range of imported ornamental sunflower seeds have been marketed in Indonesia. A field evaluation was conducted on seven sunflower cultivars to investigate their germination, growth and development in humid tropical environment in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia and to determine their potential uses. Most of the tested cultivars, except for ‘Sungold Double’ and ‘Velvet Queen’, demonstrated good germination and growth. ‘Eclipse’ was highly susceptible to stem rot, which resulted in only 30% of the plants survived. ‘Little Leo’, ‘Teddy Bear’ and ‘Sungold Double’ were naturally compact, dwarf, and produced attractive blooms so they might be suitable as pot plants. ‘Hallo’, ‘Velvet Queen’, ‘Sunburst’, and ‘Eclipse’s plant height were more than 100 cm, had long stem and large blooms. These cultivars might be suitable as landscape plants.Keywords: morphological characteristics, West Java, pot plants

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