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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biodjati
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 91 Documents
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Isolation and Detection of Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitory Substances-Producing Bacteria from Fermented Mare’s Milk Sumbawa Mulyawati, Alifia Issabella; Ardyati, Tri; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4194

Abstract

  Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) produced by bacteria is a promising future food preservative agent. This study aimed to obtain bacterial strains that can produce broad-spectrum antibacterial agents and identify the best BLIS producer species based on 16S rDNA sequences. The bacterial strains were isolated from fer-mented mare’s milk using MRS and M17 agar medium. The isolates then were initially screened based on its antibacterial activity of crude cells against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The selected strains were cultured and harvested for its cell-free supernatant (CFS). The pH of CFS was adjusted to 6.5 then used for antibacterial activity as-says against ten pathogenic bacteria. Also, the proteinaceous nature of BLIS compound was confirmed by testing with proteinase K. The gDNA of selected isolates was extracted and the 16S rDNA was am-plified using the polymerase chain reaction method then sequenced. The 16S rDNA sequences of the selected strains were used to identify the species using BLAST nucleotides from NCBI then the phylogenetic trees were constructed. 32 isolates was obtained, but only three iso-lates (BC9, SB7, and DC12) were selected as a result of antibacterial screening for further assays. The neutralized-CFS (N-CFS) of these isolates exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The N-CFS could be assumed as BLIS. The isolate of BC9 was identified as Ba-cillus amyloliquefaciens strain BC9 that has 99.99 % similarity with B. amyloliquefaciens KC-1, SB7 was Lactobacillus plantarum strain SB7 that has 99.99 % similarity with Lb. plantarum JMC 1149T, and DC12 was Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain DC12 that has 100 % sim-ilarity with Lb. rhamnosus DSM 20021T. Thus, the BLIS produced by those strains is potential for future food and beverages preservations. 
Growth Rate and Capsaicin Level of Curly Red Chili (Capsicum annum L.) on Biofertilizer and Biogas Sludge Application Siswanti, Dwi Umi; Lestari, Melinda Fajar
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4216

Abstract

Curly red chili (Capsicum annum L.) is widely cultivated us-ing inorganic fertilizers which causes high production costs. Chili is valued because of the level of spiciness. The level of spiciness of chili is determined by the level of capsaicin which is affected by nutrients in the growing media. The nutrient of the planting media can be fulfilled by degrading the growing media by microbes in organic fertilizer. One type of organic fertilizer containing degrading microbes is biofertiliz-er. Biofertilizer and biogas sludge is one of the organic fertilizers con-taining microbes and organic materials that are able to support nutri-ent levels of the planting medium. This study aimed to analyze growth parameters include chlorophyll content and measure capsaicin levels in curly red chili. Which given biofertilizer and biogas sludge in vari-ous dosage and determine the optimum dose of the fertilizer. The study was conducted at an agricultural demonstration plot in Wukirsari Vil-lage, Cangkringan, Sleman. The study design used RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design), the data were analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance followed by Duncan’s Multiple Distance Test (DMRT) at the 95% confidence level. The highest growth parameters and capsa-icin content were obtained on curly red chili plants which were given biogas sludge 36 mL + biofertilizer 10 L / ha. The application of bi-ofertilizer and biogas sludge in various concentrations given has not been able to increase the average total chlorophyll content of curly red chili plants. Thus, it can be concluded that the most appropriate dose of curly red chili is 36 mL biogas sludge + 10 L bio fertilizer/ha
Etnobotanical Study on Banana in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur District, West Java Erawan, Tatang Suharmana; Hidayat, Rahmi Aulia; Iskandar, Johan
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.2954

Abstract

  Banana has been known as one of fruits that has an important function in the rural areas. Bananas have been traditionally planted by rural farmers in the homegarden, garden and mixed-garden in West Java. However, study on bananas in Karangwangi village,Cianjur has not been carried out. Aim of study was to explore varieties (landraces) of bananas, source of local knowledge on bananas, utilization of ba-nanas and diseases of bananas. Method used in this study was quali-tative with ethnobotanical approach and some techniques, including observation and semi-structure interview were applied in this study. The result of study showed that, it was recorded 13 variations of ba-nana; main source of local knowledge on bananas from the parent and friends; utilization of bananas, including consumption of ripe fruit, made of “sale” and some banana organs, including leaves, “jantung” (male flower), pseudostem, ”bonggol” (base of pseudostem) and roots of bananas were usually used by people. Main diseases of banana was known by local people as “Pireus” (virus). We recommended more intensive study on bananas must be carried on for near future.
Effect of Water Temperature to Survival and Development of Larvae of Two Local Aedes Aegypti Strains Putra, Ramadhani Eka; Trinuroni, Gunadi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.3843

Abstract

  Global warming has been reported in last decades. Chang-es in average Earth’s temperature may affect the physiology of many insect species, especially the ones which act as a human disease vec-tor, like Aedes aegypti. In this study, the effect of increasing water temperature on physiological components related to development period, sex ratio, and body size of two distinctively strains, VCRU (Vector Control Research Unit) and Pangandaran. Thirty larvae of each strain kept inside distilled water with the temperature of 25°C, 27°C, 30°C, 33°C, 35°C, 40°C which replicated three times. Observa-tions were conducted until all larvae metamorphed into adults or all larvae dead. Development rate and time were analyzed by frequency dependent mean. The result showed that the optimum temperature for larvae development of VCRU strain was 27-30°C with a survival rate of 84% while it was 30°C for Pangandaran strain, with the surviv-al rate of 83%. Larvae of both strains showed 100% mortality rate when kept inside a container with water temperature exceed 33°C. Both strains showed the highest and the lowest male:female ratio at similar water temperature which were 33°C and 30°C, respec-tivelly. Highest and lowest ratio of VCRU was 1.25 and 0.6, respec-tively, while it was 1.4 and 0.6 for Pangandaran. In general, larvae lived in increasing water temperature showed reducing wing width. 
Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria that Tolerant to Saponin of Sapindus Rarak Plant Octaviany, Evi; Suharjono, Suharjono; Mustafa, Irfan
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4392

Abstract

A commercial saponin as biosurfactant can reduce the surface tension of water and increase of hydrocarbon degradation. However, this saponin can be toxic to some hydrocarbonoclastic bac-teria. This study aimed to obtain bacterial isolates that were tolerant and incapable to degrade saponin, and to identify them based on 16S rDNA sequence. Bacteria were isolated from petroleum contaminated soil in Wonocolo Village, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The soil samples were acclimated using Bushnell-Haas (BH) broth with 0.5% crude oil at room temperature for 3 weeks. The culture was spread onto BH agar incubated at 30°C for 7 days. The first screened, isolates were grown in nutrient broth with addition of sap-onin 0%, 8%, and 12% (v/v) then incubated at 30°C for three days. The bacterial cell density was measured using a spectrophotometer. Second screened, the isolates were grown on BH broth with addition of 0.5% saponin as a sole carbon source, and their cell densities were measured. The selected isolates were identified based on 16S rDNA sequences. Among 34 bacterial isolates, nine isolates were tol-erant to 12% saponin. Three bacterial isolates IHT1.3, IHT1.5, and IHT3.24 tolerant to high concentration of saponin and did not use this substance as growth nutrition. The IHT1.3, IHT1.5, and IHT3.24 isolates were identified as Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense (99% similarity), Pseudomonas mendocina (99%), and Ochrobactrum pi-tuitosum; (97%), respectively. Those three selected isolates are good candidates as hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to bioremediation of soil contaminated crude oil. However, the combined activity of bacteria and saponin to degrade hydrocarbon needs further study. 
Isolation and Characterization of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Producing Bacteria from Cow Urine Mubarik, Nisa Rachmania; Maslahah, Iah Novi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4481

Abstract

  Cow urine contains urea as nitrogen source, therefore it can be expected to isolate the beneficial bacteria for plants, for example indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or auxin producing bacteria. The objective of research was to obtain IAA producing bacteria from cow urine, to characterize bacterial isolate, and to measure its ability to stimulate the growth of green bean seedlings (Vigna radiata). The methods used in this study were collecting urine from cow cattle, obtaining IAA-pro-ducing bacteria from urine, measuring IAA using Salkowski method, and applying selected bacterial supernatants on green bean seedling plants. The number of IAA producing bacteria that was successfully purified was 18 isolates. There are five isolates, namely US 5, BS1, BS 2, BS 4 and BS 5 which have the ability to solubelize phosphate on Pikovskaya agar. The five isolates were also able to fix free nitro-gen on N Free media and did not show hypersensitivity on tobacco leaves. The results of the growth of isolates in blood agar showed positive for US 5 and BS 2 as beta hemolysin producers. Further-more, isolate BS 4 was chosen to produce exogenous IAA quantita-tively. Isolate BS 4 produced IAA 6.364 ppm at the 45 h incubation at stationary phase. The use of BS 4 supernatant on green bean seed-lings showed an effect on plant height and lateral root length better than control (without treatment) on 6 days after planting. Morpho-logical characteristic of isolate BS 4 was rod shape, Gram positive, endospore producing, aerobic, and had similarity with genus Bacillus
The Fish Fauna in Lakitan River, Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Samitra, Dian; Rozi, Zico Fakhrur
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4097

Abstract

  Fish diversity in the Lakitan River is not well recorded, even though the data is important to add information about the diversity of freshwater fish in Indonesia. This study aims to study fish composition and ecological index in the Lakitan River. The study was conducted in the Lakitan River, Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Province. The method used was the survey method. The direct sampling was done at 5 stations, the numbering of stations followed the direction of the river from upstream to downstream. The data at each station are tabulated based on species, family and order. Data analysis in-cludes a diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, and sim-ilarity index. The fish caught during the study were 418 individuals, which were identified into 20 species and 11 families. Barbonymus gonionotus is the most captured species in the Lakitan River. Cypri-nidae is the most captured family (9 species). The highest diversity index was found at station 5, with the number of fish collected was 16 species. The evenness index at 5 stations showed the equivalent species distribution and stable communities. The domination index at 5 stations were at, low category. The similarity index between sta-tions in Lakitan River which ranging from 0.65 – 0.97. These results indicate that fish diversity in the Lakitan River medium biodiversity. 
Activity of an A-L-Rhamnosidase Produced by Aspergillus niger During Solid State Fermentation of Coffee Pulp Wastes Muzakhar, Kahar; Winarsa, Rudju
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4411

Abstract

 An α-L-Rhamnosidase released by Aspergillus niger during solid-state fermentation (SSF) using coffee pulp (CP) wastes media has been investigated. The activity of α-L-Rhamnosidase based on reducing sugar production against 2% CP alkali extract substrate in 50 mM acetate buffer pH 5. The maximum activity of α-L-Rham-nosidase was obtained in sixth-day SSF with reducing sugar pro-duction of 13 μg/mL. The enzyme is actively hydrolyzed 0.1% p-ni-trophenyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (PNP-Rha) to 95% from initial concentration. Purification using DEAE-Toyopearl 650M increased hydrolysis activity ten times against the substrate, reaching 134 μg/mL of reducing sugar. Optimum enzyme activity at pH 4.5 and 50°C, while stable at pH and temperature in a pH range of 3.5-7 and below 50°C. 
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Acorus calamus L. Extracts Muchtaromah, Bayyinatul; Hayati, Alfiah; Agustina, Erna
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4235

Abstract

  Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most common species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, which cause vaginitis, in infertile women. The Calamus rhizome (Acorus calamus L.) is an Indonesian plant that has antibacterial properties that can be used to treat vaginitis and increase fertility. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the calamus rhizoma in polar, semi-polar and non-polar solvents in the growth of S. aureus and E. coli. The antibacterial activity test was in the form of inhibitory test using the Kirby-Bauer, Minimum Inhibi-tion Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) by microdilution method with multilevel dilution (concentra-tions 50; 25; 12.5; 6.25; 3.13; 1.56; 0.78; and 0.39%). The screening results showed that ethanol and n-hexane extract contained alkaloids and triterpenoids, while chloroform extract was only triterpenoid. Chloroform extract produced the largest inhibition zone diameter of S. aureus and E. coli (7.26 and 3.28 mm), followed by ethanol extract (5.90 and 3.07 mm) and n-hexane extract (5.33 and 2.95 mm). The concentrations of 0.39 and 0.78% were the values of MIC and MBC for all three extracts, indicating that the extract of the calamus rhizome with several solvents in this study had the same antibacterial activity. 
Molecular Characterization Reveals Genetic Differences Between Wild and Captive Populations of Mandiangin Giant Gourami (Osphronemus goramy) Nuryanto, Agus; Susilo, Maria Bramasti; Amurwanto, Adi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.3942

Abstract

  Captive population of Mandiangin giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) is a new strain developed from wild pop-ulations in Riam Kanan Dam. No much is known about the genetic constituent of this strain compared to the parental population. This re-search was done to obtain information whether genetic alteration has occurred in captive population compared to their wild parental pop-ulation. Wild population was caught from Riam Kanan Dam, while captive population was collected from Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar (BPBAT) “Freshwater Aquaculture Centre” Mandiangin, South Kalimantan. The captive population of Batanghari strain from BPBAT Sungai Gelam, Jambi was also analyzed. Molecular assess-ment was done using CO1 PCR-RFLP which was developed by digest-ing the amplicon of the CO1 gene from all populations using two re-striction enzymes, namely HindIII and TaqI and resulted CO1-HindIII and CO1-TaqI RFLP markers. All tested populations showed uniform patterns of those CO1-RFLP markers but with different fragment sizes among populations. This means all resulted RFLP markers were mono-morphic in each populations but polymorphic among giant gourami populations. In other words, no genetic diversity within population but substantial genetic differences was observed between wild and cap-tive Mandiangin populations. This proved that genetic alteration has occurred in Mandiangin captive populations compared to the wild pa-rental giant gourami population. In conclusion, captive and wild pop-ulations of Mandiangin giant gourami were genetically different. This result is vital as scientific base for future development of inland fish-eries, especially for breeding strategy of Mandiangin giant gourami. 

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