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Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Published by Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26140519     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Hyperbaric medicine, marine medicine other than hyperbaric, on ships, boats and harbor health, maritime and coastal health, medicolegal aspects and medicolegal related to ships, ports and districts / maritime / coastal communities and fishermen, epidemiological aspects of diseases, disabilities and disorders both major and minor occurs of ships and boat workers, ports and maritime zones, coastal areas, fishermen communities and their families, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological prevention and treatment management policies.
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Articles 25 Documents
 1   2   3 
Current Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis (Recent Therapeutics Policies of Rheumatoid Arthritis part 2) Andisari, Hendrata Erry
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (563.148 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i2.14

Abstract

Therapy in RA has undergone many advances today and in line with knowledge of the pathogenesis of RA, the current therapeutic goal is to alter the journey and control the activity of RA disease. Several groups of drugs have been used in RA therapy including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as well as biological agents (bDMARD), glucocorticoids and anti-pain medicines. In recent years, the development of biological agents that have specific targets for inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL) -1, IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) suggests a potent therapeutic effect on RA. In this article will be presented the latest biological agents as the latest therapy on RA. Keywords : conventional DMARDs, biological agents
HIV Infection: Immunopathogenesis and Risk Factor to Fishermen Budiarti, Retno
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (600.405 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i1.4

Abstract

Infeksi primer terjadi bila virion HIV dalam darah, semen, atau cairan tubuh lainnya dari seseorang masuk ke dalam sel orang lain melalui fusi yang diperantarai oleh reseptor gp120 atau gp41. Tergantung dari tempat masuknya virus, sel T CD4+ dan monosit di darah, atau sel T CD4+ dan makrofag di jaringan mukosa merupakan sel yang pertama terkena. Sel dendrit di epitel tempat masuknya virus akan menangkap virus kemudian bermigrasi ke kelenjar getah bening. Sel dendrit mengekspresikan protein yang berperan dalam pengikatan envelope HIV, sehingga sel dendrit berperan besar dalam penyebaran HIV ke jaringan limfoid. Di jaringan limfoid, sel dendrit dapat menularkan HIV ke sel T CD4+ melalui kontak langsung antar sel.
Prospek Pemanfaatan Biji Pepaya sebagai Biomaterial Pengendali Populasi Tikus Liar melalui Mekanisme Antifertilitas Aritonang, Erfan Andrianto
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2019): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (153.359 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v2i1.19

Abstract

Tikus liar merupakan satwa liar yang paling sering bersosialisasi dengan masyarakat dan merupakan salah satu vektor serta penyebar penyakit yang beberapa diantaranya bersifat zoonosis. Pengendalian tikus liar sangat penting dilakukan guna mengurangi terjadinya penyakit zoonosis yang diakibatkan oleh hewan tersebut. Metode yang efektif digunakan sebagai pengendali populasi tikus liar adalah melalui mekanisme antifertilitas. Salah satu bahan yang memiliki mekanisme antifertilitas adalah biji pepaya. Kandungan saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, dan papain pada biji pepaya terbukti memberikan efek infertil pada mencit dan tikus putih, dimana mencit dan tikus putih merupakan hewan yang semarga dengan tikus liar. Hewan yang semarga memiliki susunan anatomi dan fisiologis yang serupa, sehingga pengaruh antifertilitas tersebut menjadi sebuah prospek untuk mengembangkan biji pepaya sebagai biomaterial pengendali populasi tikus liar. Populasi tikus liar yang dihambat akan berdampak pada penurunan angka kejadian zoonosis dalam masyarakat.
Analisis Biaya dan Nilai Utilitas Pasien Hemodialisa yang Diberikan Terapi Sevelamer Karbonat Safnurbaiti, Dwi Putri; Andayani, Tri Murti; Irijanto, Fredie
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (614.894 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i2.12

Abstract

Sevelamer karbonat merupakan alternatif lain sebagai terapi pengikat fosfat yang diberikan kepada pasien hemodialisa selain CaCO3. Sevelamer karbonat dapat menurunkan kadar fosfat, mengurangi kejadian kalsifikasi vaskular dan mortalitas yang secara langsung berdampak pada perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa, namun harga sevelamer karbonat lebih mahal dibandingkan dengan CaCO3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran biaya yang diperlukan untuk terapi sevelamer karbonat dan nilai utilitas pasien hemodialisa yang menggunakan terapi sevelamer karbonat di RS UGM Yogyakarta.Penelitian dilakukan secara prospektif selama 8 minggu di RS UGM Yogyakarta pada bulan Oktober-November 2016. Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimental dengan “pretest posttest design with control group”. Kelompok eksperimental adalah sevelamer karbonat dan kontrol adalah CaCO3. Pengukuran health related quality of life (HRQOL) pasien hemodialisa salah satunya dengan mengukur utilitas pasien hemodialisa dengan kuesioner EQ-5D-5L pada awal (pre) dan akhir (post) penelitian. Analisis biaya dilihat berdasarkan perspektif rumah sakit dengan menghitung totaldirect medical cost.Jumlah total responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 37 pasien yang terdiri atas 16 pasien kelompok eksperimental dan 21 pasien kelompok kontrol. Rata-rata biaya yang diperlukan pasien hemodialisa dengan sevelamer karbonat untuk menangani kondisi gangguan mineral dan tulang adalah sebesar Rp2.999.188,75±167.920,75 per pasien selama 8 minggu terapi. Nilai utilitas dan skor EQ-5D VAS baseline pasien hemodialisa yang diberikan sevelamer karbonat adalah masing-masing 0,91±0,13 dan 75,93±9,34, dan di akhir penelitian (posttes) terdapat perubahan nilai utilitas dan skor EQ-5D VAS sebesar 0,93±0,08 dan 77,44±11,12. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa perubahan nilai utilitas dan skor EQ-5D VAS pasien hemodialisa yang diberikan sevelamer karbonat antara awal (pre) dan akhir penelitian (posttes) adalah menunjukkan tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05).Kata Kunci : analisis biaya,EQ-5D-5L, nilai utilitas, hemodialisa,sevelamer karbonat
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase ( ESBL ) Biutifasari, Verna
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (697.759 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i1.3

Abstract

Antibiotika telah banyak digunakan sekarang ini. Pemakaian antibiotika yang berlebihan dan tidak sesuai dengan klinis dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi terhadap antibiotika tersebutSalah satu antibiotika yang dipakai adalah antibiotika golongan beta-lactam yang bekerja menghambat dinding sel. Pemakaian antibiotika beta-lactam yang tidak sesuai dapat menyebabkan terjadi resistensi terhadap antibiotika tersebut. Resistensi terhadap beta-lactam dapar terjadi di berbagai tingkatan. Salah satu resistensi dapat terjadi adalah  resistensi terhadap extendedspectrum broad lactamase (ESBL)Extended spectrum beta-lactamase adalah enzim yang mempunyai kemampuan dalam menghidrolisis antibiotika golongan penicillin, cephalosporin generasi satu, dua, dan tiga serta golongan monobactam dan menyebabkan resistensi ke seluruh antibiotika tersebut.ESBL banyak dihasilkan oleh Enterobactericeae (terutama Escherichia coli) dan Klebsiella pneumoniae. Enterobacteriaceae mempunyai 3 pola resistensi yang disebabkan broad spectrum beta-lactamase,inhibitor resistant beta-lactamase (derivat TEM) , Cephalosporinase yang berlebihan. ESBL dapat sulit terdeteksi karena ESBL mempunyai perbedaan tingkatan aktifitas terhadap bermacam-macam cephalosporinESBL dapat dideteksi secara clinical microbiology (phenotypic) dan molecular detection (genotypic). Keywords: Antiobiotika, resistensi, ESBL
Detection of genes encoding ompW and ctxA of Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market, Bali-Indonesia Kusuma Praja, Rian Arinta; Sukrama, I Dewa Made; Fatmawati, Ni Nengah Dwi
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2019): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (251.1 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v2i1.23

Abstract

Contamination of pathogenic bacteria in food can lead to the emergence of foodborne disease. One of foodborne disease which often occurs in some developing countries such as Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America is cholera which is caused by Vibrio cholerae. The disease is transmitted through beverages and food, especially contaminated seafood. V. cholerae has several virulence factors including the outer membrane protein W (ompW) and cholerae toxin (ctx).The ompW acts as a protective barrier and can also be used as a marker specific species of V. cholerae and cholerae toxin is an enterotoxin responsible for the incidence of diarrhea in a cholera outbreak produced by pathogenic V. cholerae. This study was an observational study to determine the level of contamination of V. cholerae by detecting the outer membrane protein W (ompW) and cholerae toxin subunit A (ctxA) gene of V. cholerae in shrimp and shellfish sold at Kedonganan fish market. Samples were taken using total sampling technique and obtained 24 samples consisting of 14 shrimp samples and 10 shellfish samples. Samples were examined using culture methods and biochemical tests, and then further tested using Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) to detect ompW and ctxA gene. The dPCR assay results showed 8 out of 14 (57.1%) samples from shrimp and 1 out of 10 (10%) samples from the shellfish positive carried ompW gene, and found no positive samples carrying the ctxA gene in samples derived from shrimp and shellfish. Chi square test analysis results indicated contamination of V. cholerae in shrimp was higher than shellfish based on ompW gene (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market are contaminated by V. cholerae. Further research is needed to detect the virulence factors besides ompW and ctxA of V. cholerae in seafood. Keywords: Foodborne disease, Vibrio cholerae, ompW gene, ctxA gene, and Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR).
Recent Therapeutics Policies of Arthritis Rheumatoid (part I) Andisari, Hendrata Erry
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (681.946 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i1.2

Abstract

Therapy in RA has undergone many advances today and in line with knowledge of the pathogenesis of RA, the current therapeutic goal is to alter the journey and control the activity of RA disease. Several groups of drugs have been used in RA therapy including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as well as biological agents (bDMARD), glucocorticoids and anti-pain medicines. In recent years, the development of biological agents that have specific targets for inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL) -1, IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) suggests a potent therapeutic effect on RA. In this article will be presented the latest biological agents as the latest therapy on RA.
Manalagi Apple Vinegar (Malus sylvestris Mill) as Anti Diabetic to Alloxan Induced Wistar White Male Rat Purnomo, Valentina Verrel; Tjandra, Agustinus Sareh Arjono; Risma, Risma
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2019): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (445.884 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v2i1.22

Abstract

Apple vinegar is estimated to be able to cure diabetes. Vinegar is able to control the increase of glicemic index. Apple has antioxidant substance such as quercetin and chlorogenic acid. Manalagi apple could be found easily in Indonesia.            This research aims to reveal the effect of Manalagi apple vinegar (Malus sylvestris Mill) towards blood glucose level of alloxan induced Wistar white male rats (Rattus norvegicus).            This research is experimental laboratory using Experimental methods. The samples are 30 white rats divided into three groups for 31 days, 1) group which only given standard diet; 2) group that induced by 120mg/dL alloxan; 3) group that induced by 120mg/dL alloxan and Manalagi apple vinegar 0.27ml/100gram weight for 14 days. The measurement of blood serum glucose level is done on day twenty four using homogenous colorimetric enzymatic test method for all groups.            Blood glucose average in group with only given standard diet as negative control group (182.33 mg/dL), group which induced by 120mg/dL alloxan as positive control group (205.2 mg/dL), group which induced by 120mg/dL alloxan and Manalagi apple vinegar as treatment group (212.25 mg/dL). The result of One-Way Anova significance is 0.229.            The conclusion of this research is that Manalagi apple vinegar treatment doesn’t able to decrease the blood glucose level of white Wistar male rats significantly. Keywords : Malus sylvestris Mill, Blood glucose, Alloxan.
Empirical Antibiotic Therapy Assessment of Patients diagnosed with Sepsis in Intermediate Care Ward of Internal Medicine Department of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital according to Gyssens Method Adiwinoto, Ronald Pratama; Sustini, Florentina; Hardiono, Hardiono; Widodo, Agung Dwi Wahyu; Hidajat, Boerhan; Hadi, Usman
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (546.601 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i2.17

Abstract

Rational empirical antimicrobial therapy is an important component of sepsis patient management. This study aimed to assess the rationality of empirical antimicrobial therapy in patients diagnosed with sepsis admitted in intermediate care ward of internal medicine department (RPI) of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from January 2016 to July 2017. Medical records of 91 patients diagnosed with sepsis were collected and studied retrospectively in period from July 2017 to November 2017. 91 (85.05%) medical records from 107 sepsis patients were evaluated. Cultures and antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out in 21 (23.07%) patients. 14 patients yielded positive culture results, 9 of which were MDRO positive with ESBL as resistant marker. Empirical antibiotic therapies for these patients were reviewed according to Gyssens method.73 (80.2%) of 91 patients were deemed receiving appropriate empirical antibiotic therapies. Ceftriaxone IV injection as monotherapy or combination therapy were the most common empirical antibiotic therapies (82 in 91 patients, 90.1%), despite local microbiologic flora and antibiogram show most pathogens were resistant to ceftriaxone. Mortality rate in this study was high, 92.3% (84 patients died) despite rational empirical antibiotic therapies were high. This study concluded that empirical antibiotic therapies in sepsis patients according to guidelines adopted in Soetomo General Hospital, albeit deemed rational, was no longer appropriate according to local antibiogram issued by microbiological department of Soetomo General Hospital. Keywords: Empirical Antibiotics Therapy, Gyssens criteria, Intermediate Care Ward, Sepsis, Septic Shock
Molecular Mechanism of Cholerae Toxin (ctx) in Causing Diarrhea Praja, Rian Kusuma Arinta; Rosalina, Reny
Oceana Biomedicina Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Oceana Biomedicina Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (761.654 KB) | DOI: 10.30649/obj.v1i2.16

Abstract

Vibrio cholerae is one of the pathogenic bacteria transmitted through contaminated food, especially seafood and contaminated beverages. V. cholerae produces cholerae toxin (ctx) which is encoded by the ctx gene located within its chromosome. This toxin has been recognized as one of the toxins responsible for cholera outbreaks. The mechanism of ctx gene expression is induced by environmental signals such as pH, osmolarity, temperature, bile, amino acids, and CO2. These signals will be a positive transcriptional factor to the ToxR gene that regulates the biogenesis of cholerae toxin. After cholerae toxin has been successfully expressed, V. cholerae uses a type II secretion (T2S) pathway to deliver cholerae toxin to the extracellular environment. Cholerae toxin consists of A and B subunits. The B subunit plays a role in attaching to the receptor Manosialosyl Ganglioside (GM1 ganglioside) and the A subunit plays a role in catalyzing ADP-ribosylation of Gs (stimulatory) proteins and turning them into active condition. The Gs proteins will convert the inactive adenilate cyclase (AC) into active AC. The increase of AC activity will increase the cyclic adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP) concentration along the cell membrane. The cAMP then causes the active secretion of sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), potassium (K+), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and water (H2O) out of the cell into the intestinal lumen, resulting in large fluid losses and electrolyte imbalances. Keywords: Vibrio cholerae, cholerae toxin (ctx), ToxR gene, type II secretion (T2S), GM1 ganglioside, adenilate cyclase.

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