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Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : 19079761 EISSN : 25030310 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

MOLEKUL is a peer-reviewed journal of chemistry published by the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. Publishing frequency 2 issues per year, on May and November. This Journal encompasses all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines including Pharmaceutical, Biological activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry.

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Articles 231 Documents

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Oxidation Of Cyclohexane To Cyclohexanol And Cyclohexanone Using H4[Î±-SiW12O40]/Zr As Catalyst Lesbani, Aldes; Setyowati, Menik; Mohadi, Risfidian; Rohendi, Dedi
Molekul Vol 11, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Synthesis and preparation of polyoxometalate H4[?-SiW12O40].nH2O with Zr as support at various weights of Zr 0.01g; 0.05 g; 0.25 g; 0.5 g; 0.75 g; 1 g and 1.25 g to form H4[?- SiW12O40]/Zr was conducted. The compounds from preparation were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy and crystallinity analysis using X-Ray diffraction. Thus H4[?- SiW12O40]/Zr was applied as catalyst for oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. Oxidation process was studied through reaction time, hydrogen peroxide amount, temperature, and weight of catalyst. FTIR spectrum of H4[?-SiW12O40]/Zr was appeared at wavenumber 771.53-979.84 cm-1 and Zr at 486.06-1481.33 cm-1. Diffraction pattern of H4[?-SiW12O40]/Zr showed that high crystallinity was identified at 2? 8o-10o and 28.3o. Based on FTIR spectrum and XRD powder pattern, the optimum preparation of H4[?-SiW12O40]/Zr was obtained using 0.5 g of Zr. The catalytic study of cyclohexane using H4[?-SiW12O40]/Zr at 0.5 g of Zr resulted conversion about 99.73%. Catalyst can convert cyclohexane with the highest conversion then used for further deep catalytic investigation. Optimization of oxidation process resulted optimum reaction time at 2 h, 3 mL of hydrogen peroxide amount, 80 oC of temperature, and 0.038 g of catalyst. The GCMS analysis indicated the oxidation of cyclohexane using H4[?-SiW12O40]/Zr at 0.5 g of Zr formed cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone with selectivity 18.77 and 23.57, respectively.

PENGARUH KARBON AKTIF TERHADAP AKTIVITAS FOTODEGRADASI ZAT WARNA PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TEKSTIL MENGGUNAKAN FOTOKATALIS TiO2 Riyani, Kapti; Setyaningtyas, Tien
Molekul Vol 6, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2011.6.2.99

Studi penggunaan fotokatalis TiO2/KA (arang aktif) dilakukan dengan tujuan mengurangi konsentrasi zat warna pada limbah cair tekstil. Arang aktif dari jerami padi diperoleh dari Kabupaten Banyumas dan contoh dari limbah cair tekstil dari salah satu industri tekstil di Pemalang. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pembuatan arang aktif dari jerami padi, dengan aktivasi termal pada temperatur 300 oC dan 700 oC, kemudian dilakukan modifikasi fotokatalis TiO2/KA. Uji fotodegradasi zat warna dilakukan dengan beberapa parameter seperti perbandingan berat TiO2: KA (99:1, 98:2, 97:3, 96:4, 95:5) dan pH (2, 5, 7, 9, 13). Karekterisasi fotokatalis menggunakan SEM, konsentrasi pewarna menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fotokatalis optimum dalam perbandingan berat TiO2: KA300 (99 : 1) dengan menurunkan konsentrasi zat warna adalah 49,19%, berarti sementara TiO2: KA700 (97 : 3) dengan penurun konsentrasi zat warna adalah 52,02%. Proses yang optimal untuk fotodegadasi zat warna pada pH 2 dengan penurunan konsentrasi zat warna pada TiO2: KA300 (99 : 1) adalah 83,80% dan untuk TiO2: KA700 (97:3) adalah 85,66%.

Time-Kill Assay of 4-Hydroxypanduratin A Isolated from Kaempferia Pandurata Against Foodborne Pathogens Marliyana, Soerya Dewi; Mujahidin, Didin; Syah, Yana M; Rukayadi, Yaya
Molekul Vol 12, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Time?kill assay was performed for 4-hydroxypanduratin A that was isolated from Kaempferia pandurata rizhome against four important foodborne pathogens, namely Bacillus cereus ATCC 21772, Bacillu subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29737, and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 21100. The methods have been investigated in term of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and killing time curve using methods of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The results showed that 4-hydroxypanduratin A rapid acting in killing bacteria as follow: B. cereus : 1×MIC for 4 h, P. mirabilis: 4×MIC for 0.5 h, meanwhile B. subtilis and S. aureus were 1×MIC for 2 h. In conclusion, 4-hydroxypanduratin A showed strong antimicrobial activity against four important foodborne pathogens.

EKSTRAK DAUN PANDAN (Pandanus amaryllifous Roxb) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR KOROSI BAJA SS-304 DALAM LARUTAN H2SO4 Kayadoe, Victor; Fadli, Muhamad; Hasim, Rahman; Tomasoa, Mitra
Molekul Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi inhibisi dan laju korosi baja SS-304 dalam larutan H2SO4menggunakan ekstrak daun pandan (Pandanus amaryllifous Roxb) dengan metode gravimetri. Ekstrak daun pandan diperoleh melalui ekstraksi maserasi menggunakan etanol. Hasil uji fitokimia ekstrak daun pandan menunjukkan adanya kandungan senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder flavonoid, steroid, alkaloid, antrakuinon, dan tanin. Pada uji inhibisi korosi, dilakukan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun pandan dan suhu untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi inhibisi korosi baja SS-304 dalam larutan H2SO4 1 M selama 3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi inhibisi meningkat dengan peningkatan konsentrasi inhibitor, yang berarti semakin menurunnya laju korosi. Efisiensi inhibisi optimum diperoleh pada konsentrasi inhibitor 0,8%, yakni 89,06% dengan laju korosi 5,15 mm/tahun. Sebaliknya, meningkatnya suhu mengakibatkan menurunnya efisiensi inhibisi, yang berarti meningkatnya laju korosi. Efisiensi terrendah diperoleh pada suhu 50 °C, yakni 11,56% dengan laju korosi 74,33 mm/tahun.

SINTESIS ZEOLIT DARI ABU DASAR BATUBARADAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM MERKURI (II) Ma?rifat, Ma?rifat; Krisdiyanto, Didik; Irwan Nugraha, Khamidinaldan
Molekul Vol 9, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Telah dilakukan sintesis zeolit dari abu dasar batubara dan aplikasinya sebagai adsorbenuntuk logam merkuri (II). Zeolit disintesis dengan metode alkali hidrotermal dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan Spektrofotometer FTIR dan Difraktometer Sinar-X (XRD). Kajian adsorpsi zeolit terhadap logam merkuri (II) dilakukan dengan variasi pH,waktu kontak dan konsentrasi merkuri. Karakterisasi FTIR menunjukkan bahwa zeolit telah terbentuk dengan serapan pspesifik pada bilangan gelombang 457,31 cm-1.Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa zeolit hasil sintesis mempunyai struktur material zeolit faujasit yang ditunjukkan dengan difraksi utama pada 6,29°; 26,89°; dan 31,19°. Adsorpsi zeolit terhadap logam merkuri (II) optimum terjadi pada pH 6, kesetimbangan adsorpsi cenderung mengikuti pola isoterm Freundlich dengan konstanta yaitu 1,803 x 10-4 mol/gram dan kinetika adsorpsi cenderung mengikuti persamaan pseudo orde dua dengan konstanta laju reaksi (k) yaitu 8,687 x 10-3(g/mg min).

Toxicity test of desorbed chromium from polluted soil around tannery industry in Yogyakarta-Indonesia by using Brassica juncea and Helianthus annuus L. Suherman, Suherman; Akmarina, Wina; Sutiawan, Wulandari; Aprilita, Nurul Hidayat; Mudasir, Mudasir; Morita, Kinichi
Molekul Vol 14, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Indonesia?s target to be a new industrial country makes a wide chance in the developing of many industrial sectors. The main problem is the disruption of environmental balance due to poorly managed liquid waste released by the industry. Heavy metal such as chromium (Cr) is the typical pollutant generated from tannery industry in Indonesia. Toxicity test of desorbed chromium ions from polluted soil around tannery industry in Yogyakarta-Indonesia by using Brassica junceaand Helianthus annuus L.has been carried out. In this research, soil samples were dividedinto four sample points based on the distances from the waste water point sources. Metal content and some physico-chemical properties including ash content, total organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity were determined in this study. Furthermore, the chromium ions adsorption and desorption from polluted soils were investigated and measured by atomic adsorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Thus, ecotoxicity testsof soil eluates from desorption experiments wereperformed with Brassica junceaand Helianthus annuus L.The resultsshowed that sample III had the highestCr content at916mgkg?1.The adsorption isotherm of Cr ions into soils followed Langmuir isotherm with the highest maximum adsorption capacity value at 14.286 mg kg-1in the sample point IV (unpolluted soil). The optimum desorption of chromium occurred at pH 3. Toxicity test showed that Cr ions had toxic effect to Brassica junceaand Helianthus annuus L.

PENURUNAN TSS, BOD DAN COD LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU DI DESA CILONGOK KABUPATEN BANYUMAS MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM ZEOLIT TERAKTIVASI DAN TERIMPREGNASI TiO2 Suyata, Suyata; Irmanto, Irmanto
Molekul Vol 4, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Activated and impregnated TiO2 zeolite systems to reduce TSS, BOD, and COD of tofu industrial wastewater in Cilongok Villages had been developed. Activated and impregnated zeolite systems were expected to be able to reduce the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD. Thus, the research was aimed to know the ability of zeolite systems to reduce the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD of tofu industrial wastewater. The research used five difference loading rates of tofu industrial wastewater which were 160, 240, 320, 400, and 480 L m-2 day-1. The most effective loading rate was determined by analyzing the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD before and after processing using zeolite systems. The reduced concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD was determined by filling the activated and impregnated zeolite with industrial wastewater for 24 hours continuously in 30 days. Sampling was done in every 5 days with loading rate of 320 L m-2 day-1. The results indicated that zeolite systems could reduce the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD of tofu industrial wastewater. The optimum loading rate to reduce the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD was 320 L m-2 day-1. The efficiency of acid activated zeolite system in reducing the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD were 83.348%, 91.899%, and 90.700%, respectively. The efficiency of base activated zeolite system in reducing the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD were 84.380%, 93.711%, and 91.928%, respectively. The efficiency of impregnated zeolite system in reducing the concentration of TSS, BOD, and COD were 82.410%, 90.711%, and 89.917%, respectively.

RESISTANCE LEVEL OF Pseudomonas stutzeri AGAINST MERCURY AND ITS ABILITY IN PRODUCTION OF MERCURY REDUCTASE ENZYME Purkan, Purkan; Nurmalyya, Safita; Hadi, Sofijan
Molekul Vol 11, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Mercury reductase is an enzyme that is able to reduce Hg2+ to Hg0 non toxic. This enzyme is usually produced by mercury resistant bacteria. The research wanted to determine the resistance of indigenous Pseudomonas stutzeri isolate toward mercury and to explore the mercury reductase activity which is produced by the bacteria. The results of resistance assay of the Pseudomonas stutzeri toward mercury ion showed that the isolate could survive in media containing HgCl2 up to a concentration of 80 µM. The bacteria could produce mercury reductase optimally at the 24th of fermentation time. The enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 7 and temperature of 45 oC

HUBUNGAN KUANTITATIF STRUKTUR-AKTIVITAS (HKSA) ANTIKANKER SENYAWA TURUNAN KALANON DENGAN METODE SEMI EMPIRIS PM3 (PARAMETERIZED MODEL 3) Vaulina Y.D., Eva; Chasani, Mochammad; Abdulghani, Mokhammad
Molekul Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Kalanon adalah senyawa turunan kumarin yang diisolasi dari spesies Calophyllum teysmannii yang tumbuh di hutan tropis Kalimantan dan Malaysia. Kalanon dan beberapa senyawa turunannya mempunyai potensi sebagai antikanker, namun aktivitasnya masih relatif rendah dengan senyawa paling aktif yaitu benzoilglisin ester kalanonyang mempunyai IC50 36,48 µg/mL terhadap sel Leukimia L1210. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan modifikasi molekul kalanon untuk mendapatkan senyawa turunan kalanon baru yang mempunyai aktivitas lebih baik. Modifikasi molekul suatu senyawa dapat dilakukan melalui kajian HKSA untuk mengurangi resiko trial and error di laboratorium. Penelitian ini berdasarkan metode perhitungan semi empiris PM3 melalui pendekatanMultiple Linear Regression (MLR) dengan log 1/IC50 sebagai variabel tergantung dan variabel bebasnya berupa 31 muatan bersih atom, momen dwikutub, selisih enegi orbital HOMO-LUMO (??), koefisien partisi oktanol-air (log P),indeks Harary dan indeks Randic. Persamaan HKSA yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah log1/IC50= -1,194-0,029logP + 0,002Harary + 0,403?E + 53,983qC12 + 0,439qC19 dengan n= 11, r= 0,958, r2= 0,917, SE= 0,0561773, Fhitung/Ftabel = 2,19960, dan PRESS = 0,097115. Berdasarkan persamaan HKSA tersebut, didapatkan empat senyawa prediksi dengan aktivitas teoritik lebih baik dibandingkan senyawa turunan kalanon sebelumnya, yaitu senyawa prediksi 12, 22, 24, dan 25 yang masing-masing mempunyai IC50 teoritik 26,44; 25,609; 27,050; dan 23,013 µg/mL terhadap sel Leukimia L1210.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid as Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in CO2 Aerated 1% NaCl Solution with Buffer Control-pH Sunarya, Yayan
Molekul Vol 13, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

In this research, 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in CO2 aerated 1% NaCl solution with buffer pH adjustment has been studied by means of electrochemical impedance (EIS) and polarization (Tafel plot). MPA was found to be an effective carbon steel inhibitor. Percentage inhibition efficiency (IE %) calculated by both Tafel plot and EIS, ranged from 85% to 90%. MPA was found to affect the cathodic processes and act as cathodic-type inhibitors. Mechanism of inhibit corrosion by adsorption mechanism leads to the formation of a protective chemisorbed film on the metal surface film which suppresses the dissolution reaction and the hydrogen evolution reaction is activation controlled.

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Amin Fatoni

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