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Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Jl. dr. Soeparno No. 63 Purwokerto, Kabupaten Banyumas Kode Pos 53122
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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 7148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 72 Documents
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Efek Subletal Limbah Batik Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Superoksida Dismutase pada Serum Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Salmaa, Annisa Nafiah; Hernayanti, Hernayanti; Rachmawati, Farida Nur
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (354.058 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1833

Abstract

Limbah batik merupakan salah satu penyebab pencemaran di lingkungan perairan karena diketahui mengandung beberapa jenis logam berat. Jenis logam berat tersebut antara lain seperti krom (Cr), seng (Zn), merkuri (Hg), tembaga (Cu), timbal (Pb), Arsen (As), kadmium (Cd), mangan (Mn) dan nikel (Ni). Ikan yang terpapar limbah batik memberikan respon secara fisiologis. Respon yang muncul sebelum ikan mengalami kematian disebut efek subletal. Ikatan antara logam berat atau metal (M) dengan protein metalotionin ini disebut sebagai ikatan M+Mt. Ikatan ini bersifat stabil sehingga tidak mudah lepas. Hal inilah yang akhirnya memicu pembentukan radikal bebas. Ketika radikal bebas dalam tubuh semakin meningkat, maka kadar enzim Superoksida Dismutase atau SOD akan semakin menurun. Pengujian kadar enzim SOD dapat dijadikan sebagai upaya deteksi dini adanya pencemaran perairan yang disebabkan oleh limbah batik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat pengaruh toksisitas limbah batik terhadap penurunan enzim SOD pada ikan nila. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, kadar SOD mulai dari kontrol, konsentrasi 17% v/v, 34% v/v dan 51% v/v berturut-turut yaitu 29,48 ± 1,40 U/mL, 22,20 ± 1,18 U/mL, 17,77 ± 1,16 U/mL, 13,68 ± 0,56 U/mL. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa nilai F hitung (218,570) > F tabel (4,30) yang artinya terdapat pengaruh paparan limbah batik terhadap penurunan aktivitas SOD. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi limbah batik maka semakin rendah aktivitas SOD. Kata kunci: Limbah Batik, Oreochromis niloticus, Superoksida Dismutase (SOD)
Efektivitas Zat Aktif Fipronil pada Berbagai Substrat Fagostimulan untuk Pengendalian Kecoak Jerman (Blattella germanica L.) Maula, Riska Isna; Pratiknyo, Hery; Susilo, Untung; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (535.841 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1859

Abstract

German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.), is a residential insect pest and vector of various diseases. To control its population, alternative chemical control models with Fipronil 0.03% are now being developed. Fipronil has been proven to be effective and has no resistance. To increase the effectiveness of the bait in controlling German cockroaches, a fipronil 0.03% combination needs to be developed with a phagostimulant bait of bananas, durian, erythisol sugar, and sugar formulation, so this study needs to be done. This study used an experimental method with a randomized block design (RBD), five treatments such as A: bait with a combination of banana phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, B: bait with a combination of durian phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, C: bait with a combination erythisol phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, D: bait with a combination of sugar phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, K: bait with a combination of matrix and fipronil 0.03% (control positive) was used for the interest test, and bait with a matrix without fipronil 0.03% (control negative) was used for mortality testing. The observations the average results for durian, banana, sugar formulated, erytrisol sugar and controls, respectively 20%, 20%, 21.6%, 12.4%, and 22.8%, while the results bait consumed with durian stimulation are 0.29g, banana 0.31g, sugar formulation 0.28g, erytrisol sugar 0.26g and control 0.24g. However, based on statistical tests, the results of the interest test with the feed consumption test between treatments showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The test results in mortality of cockroaches Germany's feed with phagostimulan durian, banana, formulations sugar, sugar erytrisol and control consecutively 98% 100 %, 98%, 98%, and 20%, based on the statistical test there is a significant difference (p<0.05), where the difference based on the Duncan test is their treatment compared to control.
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN KUPU-KUPU (LEPIDOPTERA : RHOPALOCERA) DI CAGAR ALAM BANTARBOLANG, JAWA TENGAH Nuraini, Ulfah; Widhiono, Imam; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.128 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1756

Abstract

Kupu-kupu adalah serangga yang termasuk dalam Ordo Lepidoptera, artinya serangga yang hampir seluruh permukaan tubuhnya tertutupi oleh lembaran-lembaran sisik yang memberi corak dan warna sayap kupu-kupu. Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan kupu-kupu di pengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti intensitas cahaya matahari, temperatur, dan kelembapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Jawa Tengah. Data yang di dapat di analisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks kemerataan Shannon-Evenners, dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 359 individu dalam 6 familia. Keanekaragaman tertinggi yaitu pada jarak 0 m (H’ = 2.760; E: 0,752). Kelimpahan tertinggi pada jarak 0 m dengan jumlah individu sebanyak 192. Keanekaragaman tertinggi pada jarak 0 m di tepi hutan, sedangkan keragaman terrendah pada jarak 150 m di dalam hutan. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu didominasi oleh H. glaucippe dari famili Piridae sebanyak 64 individu. Faktor lingkungan yang paling mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu adalah intensitas cahaya matahari. Kata kunci: Kupu-kupu, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Cagar Alam Bantarbolang
Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Ipomoea sp. Rhizospheres Growing in Iron Sand Soil nurainy, niharoh; Oedjijono, Oedjijono; Maharning, Ardhini Rin
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (587.803 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1845

Abstract

Iron sand field, is mostly found along the Indonesia coast. It has low organic matter, contains 38-59% iron (Fe) and sand particles. These characteristics can be called as extreme environments, however there are bacteria capable of growing and surviving in such habitats. Several genera are known as PGPR agents such as Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Pseudomonas. The research objectives were to measure total population of bacteria from rhizosphere of Ipomoea sp. in iron sand soils, to investigate the ability of bacterial isolates capable of fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate, and producing plant growth hormone such as IAA, and to identify plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from plant rhizospheres candidates growing in iron sand soils. Isolation on NA medium showed that the population were ranged from 1.59 x 105 to 5.2 x 105 CFU.g-1. There were 22 bacterial isolates originated from the media of Ashby, Caceres, and Pikovskaya. Six isolates (A4, A10, C10, P2, P3, and P4) showed high ability to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce IAA. Isolate P4 grew in nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing assay as well as IAA producing. It showed high value of phosphate index (275 mm). Bacterial identification indicated that four isolates (C10, P2, P3, P4) were species members of genus Bacillus and two isolates (A4, A10) were identified as species members of Actinomycetes.
DETEKSI MOLEKULER VIRUS DENGUE SEROTIPE 3 PADA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti DI WILAYAH PURWOKERTO TIMUR Prayitno, Priskila Agnesia; Kusmintarsih, Endang Srimurni; Wahyono, Daniel Joko
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (173.398 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1826

Abstract

Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus Dengue dan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Nyamuk tersebut merupakan vektor utama dalam penularan virus Dengue (DENV) dengan ciri khas tubuh dan tungkainya ditutupi sisik dengan garis-garis putih keperakan. Persebarannya luas di daerah tropis dan subtropis, Purwokerto termasuk daerah endemis DBD dan sekaligus ditemukan nyamuk sebagai vektornya. Kecamatan Purwokerto Timur menempati urutan tertinggi dari banyaknya kejadian DBD di wilayah Banyumas, bahkan kejadian luar biasa (KLB) yang terjadi di Kelurahan Sokanegara pada tahun 2016 hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa virus Dengue yang paling banyak ditemukan di Purwokerto adalah serotipe 3. Oleh karena itu, deteksi molekuker nyamuk Ae. aegypti perlu dilakukan berkaitan dengan prediksi penularan Dengue untuk memperoleh informasi awal dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian DENV.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi virus Dengue serotipe 3 pada nyamuk dewasa Ae. aegypti sebagai vektornya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode survei dengan pendekatan secara cross sectional dan teknik pengambilan sampel purposiveAnalisis data survei dilakukan dengan melihat positivitas DENV serotipe 3 pada nyamuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan DENVserotipe 3 tidak terdeteksi pada nyamuk yang di sampling di Purwokerto Timur. Kata kunci : Aedes aegypti, Demam Berdarah Dengue, DENV
Komposisi Vegetasi Gulma pada Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum) di Perkebunan Tebu Puslitagro Jatitujuh Majalengka Rizki, Annisa Mutiara; Wibowo, Dwi Nugroho; Herawati, Wiwik
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.77 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1822

Abstract

Perkebunan tebu Pusat Penelitian Agronomi (Puslitagro) Jatitujuh Majalengka merupakan salah satu perkebunan tebu yang ditanami tebu lahan kering. Gulma adalah masalah utama yang dihadapi pada budidaya tebu lahan kering. Kehadiran gulma akan mempersulit pemeliharaan dan panen serta menurunkan kualitas penebangan tebu, baik yang dilakukan secara manual maupun mekanik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan keanekaragaman spesies gulma di daerah perkebunan tebu Puslitagro Jatitujuh Majalengka sebagai dasar dalam pengendalian gulma dan mengetahui faktor-faktor lingkungan abiotik di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, keanekaragaman spesies gulma di Perkebunan Tebu Pusitagro Jatitujuh Majalengka terdapat 46 spesies yang termasuk dalam 16 familia. Kemerataan gulma tergolong tinggi, dari data yang didapat masing-masing area lebih dari satu. Area Kidang Kencana Timur (1,94) tergolong tinggi, area Kidang Kencana Tengah (1,89) tergolong tinggi, dan area Rancabugang (1,83) tergolong tinggi. Keanekaragaman spesies gulma tertinggi terdapat pada area Kidang Kencana Timur (3,15) dengan suhu udara 32°C, kelembaban tanah 75%, dan pH tanah 7,1
Genetic Diversity Among Three Cultivars Of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Based On Rapd Markers Suryadi, Suryadi; Yuniaty, Alice; Susanto, Agus Hery
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (437.332 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1709

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogea) is a typical plant species of tropical regions that has high economic value. The plantation is widely spread over many areas and the production is being pushed to meet the increasing demand. Peanut breeding program is aimed to improve genetic quality, mainly with resepct of production and thus information on genetic diversity is necessary as a basis for consideration in breeding, management and sustainable utilization. One approach to analyse genetic diversity of peanut is by using molecular markers. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a widely used molecular marker for genetic diversity analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity of peanut cultivars, i.e. Jerapah, Kancil, and Hypoma 2, based on RAPD markers. The study was conducted in a survey method, in which three individuals of each cultivar were analyzed using PCR-RAPD technique employing twelve primers, i.e. OPA-1, OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-3, OPB-4, OPB-5, OPB-7, OPB-11, OPB-12 and OPJ-07. Data analysis based on morphological data is also included. Molecular analysis revealed that only 7.55% polymorphic band was obtained, while most of the bands were monomorphic, indicating very low variation among the cultivars. The phenogram that constructed based on literature showed that Kancil was closer to Jerapah cultivar, while RAPD-based dendogram showed that Hypoma 2 was closer to Kancil cultivar.
PENGARUH INTERAKSI ANTARA BAP DAN IAA TERHADAP MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS TALAS SATOIMO (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. antiquorum) SECARA IN VITRO Ilham, Muhammad; Sugiyono, Sugiyono; Prayoga, Lucky
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.206 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1725

Abstract

Satoimo (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. antiquorum) is a type of taro with small tuber size (small corm taro) and called Japanesse taro or satoimo. The conventional method of satoimo propagation takes relatively long time, therefore propagation techniques of satoimo shoot in vitro can be an alternative method to meet the increasing need of satoimo seed. The objectives of research were to study the interaction effect BAP and IAA on multiplication of satoimo shoot as well as to determine the best concentrations of BAP and IAA for satoimo shoot multiplication. This research has been conducted experimentaly using a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with a factorial treatment pattern. The first factor was BAP concentration (B) with 4 levels i.e B1 : 5 µM, B2 : 7,5 µM, B3 : 10 µM and B4 : 12,5 µM. The second factor was IAA concentrations (I) with 4 levels i.e I1 : 1 µM, I2 : 2 µM, I3 : 3 µM and I4 : 4 µM. The combination of these two factors resulted in 16 treatment combinations. Each combinations repeated 3 times, there were 48 experimental units. The variables observed were taro shoot growth with parameters measured included the number of shoot, leaf and root produced. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% level of confidence, followed by a Least Significant Difference (LSD) Test at 5% error rate. The research results showed that the interaction betweem BAP and IAA stimulated shoot and root formation during multiplication of satoimo shoot in in vitro culture. The addition of 5 µM BAP and 2 µM IAA resulted in the best multiplication rate of shoot satoimoin in vitro culture.
Keanekaragaman Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) di Kawasan Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang Jawa Tengah Rhodiyah, Annisa Fadwa; Darsono, Darsono; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.863 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1764

Abstract

Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah memiliki keanekaragaman yang tinggi baik itu flora maupun faunanya Salah satu indikator kestabilan ekosistem yang baik di suatu ekosistem hutan yaitu adanya keanekaragaman semut. Semut berperan penting dalam ekosistem terestrial sebagai predator, herbivor, detrivor, dan granivor. Semakin tinggi keanekaragaman semut, semakin tinggipula tingkat kesehatan hutan tersebut.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi spesies semutdi Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel perangkap jebak (pitfall trap) denganukuranplot1 m x 1 m sebanyak 8 plot. Pada masing-masing plotdibuat 4 subplot untuk pemasangan pitfall trap yang berisi air gula.Semut diambil dari gelas plastik yang berukuran diameter 7,5 cm dan tinggi 10,5 cm yang ditanam setengah dari tinggi gelas plastik dari permukaan tanah, dipasang setiap minggu selama satu bulan kemudian didokumentasikan dan dilakukan identifikasi. Data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ditemukan 982 individu yang berasal dari 1 familia yang terbagi menjadi 4 subfamilia. Adapun tingkat keanekaragaman semut dari ordo Hymenoptera dan familia Formicidae yang ada diCagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah menunjukkan nilai indeks keragaman Shannon (H’) berkisar antara 1,394 - 1,855, indeks kemerataan Evenness (E) berkisar antara 0,448 - 0,7101, sedangkan dominasi Simpson (D) yaitu sebesar 0,6363 - 0,8125.
KEKERABATAN MOLEKULER DARI KULTIVAR BUNGA MATAHARI TEDDY BEAR, SKYSCRAPER, LEOM QUEEN DAN BUNGA MATAHARI MENGGUNAKAN MARKA RAPD Tanudharma, Gabriella Ashari; Sasongko, Nurtjahjo Dwi; Yuniaty, Alice
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (470.407 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1762

Abstract

Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plant comprising about 70 species. Common sunflower and other members of Helianthae are cultivated in temperate regions and some tropical regions as food crops for humans, cattle, poultry, and as ornamental plants. The common sunflower is valuable with respect of economic and ornamental point of view. There are many cultivars of sunflower including teddy bear, skyscraper, and lemon queen. Variation among these cultivars has been studied using molecular techniques and the result were used to develop the phylogeny among them. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of molecular techniques that were used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to contruct the phylogeny of three sunflower cultivars and common sunflower based on RAPD markers. The RAPD primers used in this study were OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-4, OPB5, OPB-7, and OPB-11. Data analysis based on molecular data showed that genetic relationship among Lemon Queen, Skyscraper, Teddy Bear and Common sunflower based on RAPD markers shows that the cultivars studied are grouped into three main groups, namely: Group I Lemon Queen and Skyscraper, Group II Teddy Bear, and Group III Common sunflower; the closest kinship is shown between Lemon Queen and Skyscraper.

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