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Agromet

agromet
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 01263633 EISSN : 2655660X DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Agromet publishes original research articles or reviews that have not been published elsewhere. The scope of publication includes agricultural meteorology/climatology (the relationships between a wide range of agriculture and meteorology/climatology aspects). Articles related to meteorology/climatology and environment (pollution and atmospheric conditions) may be selectively accepted for publication. This journal is published twice a year by Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology (PERHIMPI) in collaboration with Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University.

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Articles 229 Documents

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DAMPAK VARIABILITAS IKLIM MUSIMAN PADA PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI PULAU LOMBOK (IMPACT OF INTERANNUAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON RAINFED PADDY PRODUCTION IN LOMBOK ISLAND) Yasin, I.; Ma'shum, M.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 2 (2006): December 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Variability of inter-anuual rainfall has great impact on agricultural production. The inter-annual rainfall variability mainly causes cropping and harvest failure in rainfed land due to drought and flood. Although the onset of season is usully known, the characteristic of in coming rainfall is usually not predictable. Thus the understanding of the cause of rainfall variability may lead to establishment of new system to forecast seasonal rainfall characteristics. The aims of this research are to study water availibity for dry direct seeding rice by considering water balance in southern Lombok and understanding the relationship between ENSO phenomena with rain event in Lombok as well using SOI for predicting seasonal rainfall events. The results of this research showed that average rainfall in southern Lombok is 1450 mm with 950 mm the lowest and 2460 the highest. Southern Lombok has three water surplus months (with rainfall >200 mm), and 5 to 6 water deficit months (with less than 100 mm rainfall).. Inter annual rainfall variation is closely correlated to ENSO phenomena where the rainfall tend to be obove normal in La NiÃ±a years and below normal in El NiÃ±o years. The short term wet months and wide range of rainfall varibility lead to the need to establishment of water storage system and the application of water and cropping management which suitable to rainfall characteristics and local environmental conditions. The use of ENSO and SOI value to forecast seasonal rain events may be suitable and may reduce the risks of cropping system in rainfed agricultural land.

ANALISIS POLA UNSUR METEOROLOGI DAN KONSENTRASI POLUTAN DI UDARA AMBIEN STUDI KASUS : JAKARTA DAN BANDUNG (ANALYSIS OF PATTERN OF METEOROLOGY VARIABLE AND AMBIENT POLUTANT CONCENTRATION CASE STUDY : BANDUNG AND JAKARTA) Turyanti, A.; Santikayasa, I. P.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 2 (2006): December 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Meteorological conditions are the important factors that influence tranformation and tranportation process of the polutant in the atmosphere. The aim of this research is to study correlation between local meteorology condition with ambient polutant concentration. Case study has been done in Jakarta and Bandung. Research method is secondary data analysis by plot meteorology component (radiation, temperature, hummidity and wind velocity) and polutant consentration, to gain fluctuation pattern from both component and than do correlation analysis. Result of the analysis show that the influence of each meteorology component differ to each polutant component and depend on local condition. In Bandung and Jakarta, radiation fluctuation has negative correlation with CO, NO2, Nox and PM10. The most negative correlation in Bandung is wind velocity with CO which has correlation value -0.74, and correlation between humidity and O3 which has value -0.8. While the most positive correlation is correlation between temperature and radiation with O3 which has value 0.7 â€“ 0.8. Humidity has positive correlation with several polutant. In Jakarta, in general, coefisien correlation value both positive and negative correlation less than coefisien correlation in Bandung, except for O3. The influence of amount and kind of emition also contribute to them. The unique matter has been found that meteorology component fluctuation in both Jakarta and Bandung has high correlation positive and negative with O3, up to the value -0.8 to +0.7. The other polutant component has small in both negative and positive cerrelation (Â±0.5).

PEWILAYAHAN AGROKLIMAT TANAMAN NILAM (Pogostemon spp.) BERBASIS CURAH HUJAN DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG (AGROCLIMATE ZONING OF PATCHOULY (Pogostemon ssp.) BASED ON RAINFALL IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE) Darmaputra, I. G.; Koesmaryono, Y.; Santoso, I.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 2 (2006): December 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The research purposed to determine the patchouly cropping in Lampung Province based on the agroclimate feasibility of area rainfall and to determine the monthly rainfall probability which less than the patchouly requirement. There are four steps on this research such as to determine the seasonal rainfall distribution by Principle Component Analysis, seasonal rainfall zoning by Cluster Analysis, and agroclimate zoning of patchouly by superimpossed annual region rainfall map, regional map of wet month, topography map to patchouly agroclimate requirement, and to determine the monthly rainfall probability which less than the patchouly crop requirement. The result of research shows 2,069,005 ha of Lampung Province area most feasible and feasible to patchouly cropping, which are spread in Lampung Barat Regency (15.7%), Lampung Tengah Regency (15.5%), Way Kanan Regency (14.3%), Tanggamus Regency (14%), Lampung Utara Regency (12.5%), Lampung Timur Regency (10.8%), Tulang Bawang Regency (8.5%), Lampung Selatan Regency (8.2%), Bandar Lampung City (0.4%) and Metro City (0.1%). The results also reveal that the seasonal rainfall in Lampung Province can be grouped in seven types (I-VII), and the most feasible area lay on type I-IV, but for feasible area lay on type I-VI. Related to rainfall probability, at type I there is not occured monthly rainfall â‰¤ 200 mm with probability â‰¥ 60%, where as at type II the condition can be occurred 5 months, at type III and IV occurred 4 months, and at type V and VI occurred 7 months.

PENDUGAAN DEFISIT AIR TANAMAN JARAK (RICINUS COMMUNIS L) BERDASARKAN MODEL SIMULASI DINAMIKA AIR TANAH(PREDICTION WATER DEFICIT OF CASTOR OIL (RICINUS COMMUNIS L) WITH DYNAMIC SOIL-WATER MODEL SIMULATION) Djufri, F.; Yanto, A.; Handoko, .; Koesmaryono, Yonny
Agromet Vol. 19 No. 2 (2005): December 2005
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Construction dynamic model soil â€“ water that describes relationships between crop growth and development and environmental factors (weather and soil) can be further developed to be employed as a decision support tool . The objectives of the research : (1) to know interaction of factor weather , soil, castor oil crop, (2) construction dynamic model soil â€“ water , (3) monitoring water deficit factor at level of water irrigation. The research consisted field observation and construction model. The experimental results were used to determine quantitative relationships to obtain model parameters, calibration, and validation. This research was conducted in field experimental station of Balitpa Sukamandi, and it was arranged in split plot design with three replications. Two variety of castor oil as main plot design were : (1) ASB 81, (2) ASB 60. Three levels of water irrigation as sub plot design were : (1) No water irrigation, (2) Â½ ETp, (3) 1 ETp. Field measurements included weather variables, soil, and crop. The t-test does not indicate significant difference between observed and predicted soil water content. The model is valid and reasonably well for predicting soil water content as long as castor growth . The dynamic model soil-water can be employed as a decision support tool in the management of castor oil plantations in Indonesia.

EVALUASI DAMPAK PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN TERHADAP VOLUME LIMPASAN STUDI KASUS: DAS CILIWUNG HULU, JAWA BARAT (EVALUATION OF LANDUSE CHANGE IMPACT ON RUN-OFF VOLUME CASE STUDY : CILIWUNG HULU WATERSHED, WEST JAVA) Dasanto, B. D.; Risyanto, .
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 2 (2006): December 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The upper Ciliwung watershed is one of the critical catchments areas in Java Island. A major element of this area is the modification of natural land-cover due to human activities. Land use change is driven by the interaction between physical and socio-economic factors. The objective of this paper is to develop a land use change model and to evaluate runoff volume based on land use prediction. The pseudo-R2 or ï²2 in this model is 51.7% and the calibration between predicted land use and the real is 65.5%. The analysis result of land use change for period 2005-2010 and 2015-2020 show a special change pattern. In the first period, the forest land will decrease by 85%, while resettlements land increase by 144%, so the Curve Number value will increase from 80 to 81. These indicate decreasing capability of the upper Ciliwung to retain rainfall. The impact of this condition will increase runoff volume from 660.000 m3 to be 905.000 m3. In the second period, the forest and resettlements land will increase by 612% and 28%, so the Curve Number will decrease from 80 to be 78. This will decrease runoff volume from 805.000 m3 to be 803.000 m3.

EVALUASI PRAKIRAAN CURAH HUJAN BMG: STUDI KASUS KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU (EVALUATION OF BMG RAINFALL FORECASTING : CASE STUDY OF INDRAMAYU DISTRICT) Suciantini, .; Boer, R.; Hidayat, R.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 1 (2006): June 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Indramayu District is one of paddy production area in West Java and itâ€™s contribution to total province production around 35%. This district is very prone to drought and flood, especially when ENSO events. Therefore, ability to predict season onset and rainfall characteristics is necessary. The objective of this research is to evaluate the accuracy BMGâ€™s (Meteorology and Geophysic Agency)forecast and improve Climate Forecasting Zone (CFZ) of Indramayu. The evaluation used predicton and observation data from 1987-2001 for rainfall characteristics and 1995-2001 for season onset using Chi-Square test. Improvement CFZ of Indramayu was analyzed using Principle Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Result of Chi-Square test indicate that rainfall characteristic forecast is significantly different with observation. But, prediction of season onset is relatively well. Generally, accuracy of season onset forecast at CFZ-6 is 57,1%, while at CFZ-7 around 50-85,7%. Accuracy rainfall characteristics forecast is between 43,6 % 44.8 %. The accuracy is still lower caused of two primary factor. First, regional division of Indramayu CFZ only divide into two zone i.e. CFZ-6 and CFZ-7 is too rough, where CFZ-6 represent 122.025 ha and CFZ-7 represent 81.986 ha, and rainfall variance in the same CFZ is still high. Second, statistical model that used to predict season onset and rainfall characteristics still is not appropriate with data characteristic. Furthermore, the result indicate that CFZ in Indramayu should be divided into eight CFZ from six CFZ before. Test of monthly rainfall data in the same CFZ using general linear model indicate that number of station which not include to the same CFZ decrease with increase of CFZ from six to eight.

EFISIENSI KONVERSI ENERGI SURYA PADA TANAMAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) (RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY IN POTATO (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Suryanto, Agus; Guritno, Bambang; Sugito, Yogi; Koesmaryono, Yonny
Agromet Vol. 19 No. 1 (2005): June 2005
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Efisiensi penggunaan radiasi surya adalah nilai konversi radiasi surya menjadi energi kimia melalui proses fotosintesis. Nilai ini menunjukkan persentase berapa banyak energi radiasi yang diserap tanaman mampu diubah menjadi energi dalam bentuk kimia (Lawlor, 1993). Produksi berat kering berbagai tanaman rata-rata sekitar 1,4 g berat kering per MJ radiasi surya yang diserap tanaman atau dengan kata lain mempunyai nilai Efisiensi Konversi Energi (EKE 2,5) %. Pada tanaman kentang, dengan intensitas 2 GJ m-2 selama masa pertumbuhan 120 hari umumnya diperoleh nilai EKE 1,3 % (Jones, 1992)Sampai dengan tahun 2000 perkembangan luas panen tanaman kentang di Indonesia mencapai 73.068 ha, dengan total produksi 977.349 ton, atau produksi rata-rata per hektar berkisar 13,4 ton (BPS, 2000). Di Jawa Timur, Basuki et al. (1993) melaporkan, produktifitas 10 varietas kentang pada nilai ILD 1,26 â€“ 3,93, berkisar 11 - 27 ton per hektar. Produksi ini apabila ditinjau dari sisi penangkapan energi surya, efisiensinya sangat rendah, karena menurut Haeder dan Beringer (1983), pada kisaran ILD tersebut semestinya dapat dihasilkan umbi kentang sekitar 20 â€“ 50 ton per hektar. Kecenderungan hasil yang rendah ini disebabkan praktek budidaya tanaman yang kurang benar sehingga memberikan nilai konversi energi surya yang sangat tidak efisien, misalnya penggunaan jarak tanam yang terlalu lebar, penanaman tanaman pada saat musim hujan dimana banyak awan yang menghalangi radiasi surya, penanaman tanaman pada dataran tinggi yang cenderung berkabut, saat tanam tanpa memperhatikan fase pertumbuhan yang peka terhadap intensitas radiasi surya, dan lainnya. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan radiasi surya, berbagai cara dapat dilakukan. Sugito (1999) menyarankan beberapa cara perbaikan budidaya tanaman, diantaranya dengan mengurangi energi surya yang lolos pada pertanaman dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan energi surya yang jatuh pada kanopi tanaman, diantaranya dengan meningkatkan populasi tanaman. Haeder dan Beringer (1983) menambahkan peningkatan EKE dapat juga dilakukan dengan memilih kultivar yang berumur panjang dan pemilihan lokasi bersuhu 10 â€“ 20 ï‚°C dengan intensitas cahaya tinggi. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peningkatkan efisiensi energi surya melalui pengaturan saat tanam, populasi tanaman serta penggunaan varietas yang potensial.

PERANAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DALAM MENGENDALIKAN SUHU UDARA DAN URBAN HEAT ISLAND WILAYAH JABOTABEK (THE ROLE OF URBAN GREEN SPACE IN HARNESSING AIR TEMPERATURE AND URBAN HEAT ISLAND. EXEMPLIFIED BY JABOTABEK AREA) Effendy, Sobri; Bey, A.; Zain, A.F. M.; Santoso, I.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 1 (2006): June 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

This study attempts to develop a functional relationship between air temperature and urban green space using Landsat data. It also aims to estimate the contributions of various forcings, namely, urban green space, population density, urban area, and automobile densities on urban heat island. Subsequently, the impact of urban heat island on temperature humidity index will be assessed quantitatively, followed by surface energy budget analysis of Jabotabek area. Air temperature series are derived from Landsat data, including the NDVI which is used as the bases in generating urban green space of the study area. Principal Component Analysis is utilized in order to establish the relative importance of forcing variables on urban heat island; in order to simplify the structure of factor loadings a varimax rotation is carried out. It is found that air temperature and urban green space for the study area is best represented by a nonlinear equation when a maximum coefficient determination (R2adj) and a minimum standard deviation (S) are to be fulfilled. A 10 to 50% reduction in urban green space would bring air temperature to raise between 0,2 to 1,8 oC. It is interesting to note that this study reveals the same percentage increase in urban green space would only lower the temperature by 0,1 to 0,5 oC. Automobile density is found to be the most important forcing for urban heat island in Jakarta; on the other hand, urban green space is the most dominant forcing in Tangerang and Bekasi. Surface energy budget analysis indicated that the an increase of 1,0 oC in urban heat island would result in additional 80,3 and 69,0 Wm-2 sensible heat fluxes to submedium (G) and to air, respectively.

MODEL SPEKTRUM RADIASI SURYA DAN SUHU DI DALAM RUMAH PLASTIK (THE SOLAR SPECTRUM AND TEMPERATURE MODEL IN THE PLASTICHOUSE) Yushardi, .; Kusmaryono, Yonny; Bintoro, H.M. H.; Tambunan, A. H.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 1 (2006): June 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Research has been conducted to develop the solar spectrum and temperature model in the plastic house. The objective of this research is to determine spectrum and temperature optimum in the plastic house. The method was used by field experiment and simulation. Field experiment consist of three treatments. These are first treatment used the plastic Polyethylene (PE) with UV (Ultraviolet) protection (0 %. 6 % and 14 %). The second treament was determined the tilt angle between plastic cover and horizontal planar. The third treatment was flooring by used soil and grass. The expriment reveals that optimum condition for the plastic house that used plastic UV protection 14%, and use grass as the floor. Produce a optimum result in decreasing Tin for 2.9 % in plastic UV 14%, 2.7 % in Î²= 67o and 5.7 % in using grass as the floor. Spectrum of UV, PAR (Photosintetically Active Radiation) and IR (Infrared) that transmited from PE 14 % plastik 3.0 W/m2. 143.2 W/m2 and 192.8 W/m2 respectively. The other parameter that influence the temperature in plastic house is natural convection coeficient (hi) and ventilation coeficient (hv). For type Hexagonal plastic house hi and hv 1.5 W/m2.C, 50 W/m2.C respectively. For type Tunnel plastic house hi and hv 1.5 W/m2.oC and 55 W/m2.C respectively.

DYNAMICAL LAND/FOREST FIRE HAZARD MAPPING OF KALIMANTAN BASED ON SPATIAL AND SATELLITE DATA (PEMETAAN KEBAKARAN LAHAN/HUTAN DINAMIS PULAU KALIMANTAN BERDASARKAN DATA SPASIAL DAN SATELIT) Adiningsih, E. S.; Tejasukmana, B. S.; Khomarudin, M. R.
Agromet Vol. 20 No. 1 (2006): June 2006
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Early warning system is an important component in land/forest fire management. Since Kalimantan is one of prone areas to fires in Indonesia, land/forest fire hazard mapping for the area is essential to provide early warning information. Methods on static fire hazard mapping have been established using geographic information system. Land/forest fire hazard mapping could be established based on spatial biophysical parameters such as rainfall, vegetation condition, land cover, and land type. Since most parameters can be derived from satellite data and some of them are predictable, a dynamical land/forest fire hazard maps can be generated. The objective of this research was to construct a model of forest fire hazard mapping for Kalimantan. Spatial data used consisted of spatial rainfall maps, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) maps derived from NOAA-AVHRR data, land cover maps from Landsat TM data, and land type map. The results show that contributions of rainfall and NDVI to fire hazards should be higher than land cover and land type. The weights of NDVI, rainfall, land cover, and land type are 0.35, 0.30, 0.20, and 0.15 respectively. For the case study of 1997 â€“ 2002 periods, it has been shown that most hotspots are located in areas with forest fire hazard of high level.

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